L40 Flashcards
splice
[splais] vt. 拼接；接合；使结婚
n. 接合；结婚
vt.1 a : to unite (as two ropes) by interweaving the strands b : to unite (as lengths of magnetic tape) by overlapping and securing together two ends
2 : to unite, link, or insert as if by splicing
3 : to combine or insert (as genes) by genetic engineering spliced a human gene for insulin into a bacterium
Noun.1 : a joining or joint made by splicing something
2 : MARRIAGE, WEDDING
split
[split] vt. 分离；使分离；劈开；离开
vi. 离开；被劈开；断绝关系
n. 劈开；裂缝
adj. 劈开的
Transitive verb
1 a : to divide lengthwise usually along a grain or seam or by layers b : to affect as if by cleaving or forcing apart the river splits the town in two
2 a (1) : to tear or rend apart : BURST (2) : to subject (an atom or atomic nucleus) to artificial disintegration by fission b : to affect as if by breaking up or tearing apart : SHATTER a roar that split the air
3 : to divide into parts or portions: as a : to divide between persons : SHARE b : to divide into factions, parties, or groups c : to mark (a ballot) or cast or register (a vote) so as to vote for candidates of different parties d (1) : to divide or break down (a chemical compound) into constituents split a fat into glycerol and fatty acids (2) : to remove by such separation split off carbon dioxide e : to divide (stock) by issuing a larger number of shares to existing shareholders usually without increase in total par value
4 : to separate (the parts of a whole) by interposing something split an infinitive
5 : LEAVE split the party split town
intransitive verb
1 a : to become split lengthwise or into layers b : to break apart : BURST
2 a : to become divided up or separated off split into factions split from the group b : to sever relations or connections : SEPARATE c : LEAVE; especially : to leave without delay split for the coast
3 British : to betray confidence : act as an informer ? usually used with on
4 : to apportion shares
synonyms see TEAR
Adj.1 : DIVIDED, FRACTURED
2 : prepared for use by splitting split bamboo split hides
3 : HETEROZYGOUS ? used especially by breeders of cage birds sometimes with for
Noun.1 a : a narrow break made by or as if by splitting b : an arrangement of bowling pins left standing with space for pins between them
2 : a piece split off or made thin by splitting
3 a : a division into or between divergent or antagonistic elements or forces a cultural split b : a faction formed in this way
4 a : the act or process of splitting (as the stock of a corporation) b : the act of lowering oneself to the floor or leaping into the air with legs extended at right angles to the trunk
5 : a product of division by or as if by splitting
6 : a wine bottle holding one quarter the usual amount or about .1875 liters (6 to 6.5 ounces); also : the quantity held by a split
7 : an ice cream sundae served over slices of fruit (as banana)
8 : the recorded time at or for a specific part of a race
spoilsport
[‘spɒɪlspɔːt] n. 专事破坏他人乐趣者
Noun. : one who spoils the sport or pleasure of others
spoliation
[,spəʊlɪ’eɪʃ(ə)n] n. 强夺；毁弃
Noun.1 a : the act of plundering b : the state of having been plundered especially in war
2 : the act of injuring especially beyond reclaim
spontaneous
[spɔn’teiniəs] adj. 自发的；自然的；无意识的
Adj.1 : proceeding from natural feeling or native tendency without external constraint
2 : arising from a momentary impulse
3 : controlled and directed internally : SELF-ACTING spontaneous movement characteristic of living things
4 : produced without being planted or without human labor : INDIGENOUS
5 : developing or occurring without apparent external influence, force, cause, or treatment
6 : not apparently contrived or manipulated : NATURAL
sport
[spɔ:t] n. 运动；游戏；娱乐；运动会；玩笑
vi. 游戏
vt. 游戏；参加体育运动；夸耀
adj. 运动的
Intransitive verb
1 a : to amuse oneself : FROLIC lambs sporting in the meadow b : to engage in a sport
2 a : to mock or ridicule something b : to speak or act in jest : TRIFLE
3 [2sport] : to deviate or vary abruptly from type (as by bud variation) : MUTATE
transitive verb
1 : to display or wear usually ostentatiously : BOAST sporting expensive new shoes
2 [2sport] : to put forth as a sport or bud variation
Noun.1 a : a source of diversion : RECREATION b : sexual play c (1) : physical activity engaged in for pleasure (2) : a particular activity (as an athletic game) so engaged in
2 a : PLEASANTRY, JEST b : often mean-spirited jesting : MOCKERY, DERISION
3 a : something tossed or driven about in or as if in play b : LAUGHINGSTOCK
4 a : SPORTSMAN b : a person considered with respect to living up to the ideals of sportsmanship a good sport a poor sport c : a companionable person
5 : an individual exhibiting a sudden deviation from type beyond the normal limits of individual variation usually as a result of mutation especially of somatic tissue
synonyms see FUN
Adj.: of, relating to, or suitable for sports; especially : styled in a manner suitable for casual or informal wear sport coats
sportive
[‘spɔ:tiv] adj. 运动的；嬉戏的；闹着玩的；适合运动穿戴的
Adj.1 a : FROLICSOME, PLAYFUL b : ARDENT, WANTON
2 : of or relating to sports and especially field sports
spout
[spaut] n. 喷口；水龙卷；水落管；水柱
vt. 喷出；喷射；[口]滔滔不绝地讲；[俚]把…典当掉
vi. 喷出；喷射；[口]滔滔不绝地讲
Transitive verb
1 : to eject (as liquid) in a stream wells spouting oil
2 a : to speak or utter readily, volubly, and at length b : to speak or utter in a pompous or oratorical manner : DECLAIM a candidate spouting empty promises
intransitive verb
1 : to issue with force or in a jet : SPURT
2 : to eject material (as liquid) in a jet
3 : DECLAIM
Noun.1 : a pipe or conductor through which a liquid is discharged or conveyed in a stream: as a : a pipe for carrying rainwater from a roof b : a projecting tube or lip from which a liquid (as water) issues
2 : a discharge or jet of liquid or moisture from or as if from a pipe: as a : WATERSPOUT b : the blowing of a whale
3 archaic : PAWNSHOP
sprain
[sprein] vt. 扭伤
n. 扭伤
Noun.1 : a sudden or violent twist or wrench of a joint with stretching or tearing of ligaments
2 : a sprained condition
vt.: to injure by a sudden or severe twist
spree
[spri:] n. 狂欢；无节制的狂热行为；欢闹
vi. 狂欢；狂饮
Noun.: an unrestrained indulgence in or outburst of an activity went on a buying spree; also : a drunken revel : BINGE
sprint
[sprint] vi. 冲刺，全速跑
n. 冲刺；短跑
vt. 全速奔跑
vi. : to run or go at top speed especially for a short distance
Noun.1 : the act or an instance of sprinting
2 a : DASH 6b b : a burst of speed
spur
[spə:] n. 鼓舞，刺激；马刺；山坡
vi. 骑马疾驰；给予刺激
vt. 激励，鞭策；给…装踢马刺
Noun.1 a : a pointed device secured to a rider’s heel and used to urge on the horse b plural [from the acquisition of spurs by a person achieving knighthood] : recognition and reward for achievement won his academic spurs as the holder of a chair in a university ?James Mountford
2 : a goad to action : STIMULUS
3 : something projecting like or suggesting a spur: as a : a projecting root or branch of a tree, shrub, or vine b (1) : a stiff sharp spine (as on the wings or legs of a bird or insect); especially : one on a cock’s leg (2) : a gaff for a gamecock c : a hollow projecting appendage of a corolla or calyx (as in larkspur or columbine) d : a bony outgrowth (as on the heel of the foot) e : CLIMBING IRON
4 a : an angular projection, offshoot, or branch extending out beyond or away from a main body or formation; especially : a ridge or lesser elevation that extends laterally from a mountain or mountain range b : a railroad track that branches off from a main line
5 : a reinforcing buttress of masonry in a fortification
synonyms see MOTIVE
transitive verb
1 : to urge (a horse) on with spurs
2 : to incite to action or accelerated growth or development : STIMULATE
3 : to put spurs on
intransitive verb : to spur one’s horse on
spurt
[spə:t] vi. 冲刺；喷出；迸发
n. 冲刺；喷射
vt. 喷射；喷出
Intransitive verb : to gush forth : SPOUT
transitive verb : to expel in a stream or jet : SQUIRT the faucet spurts water
Noun. : a sudden gush : JET
Noun.1 : a short period of time : MOMENT
2 a : a sudden brief burst of effort, activity, or development a spurt of work a growth spurt b : a sharp or sudden increase in business activity
vi.: to make a spurt
squabble
[‘skwɔbl] vi. 发生口角；大声争吵
vt. [印]弄乱（排好的铅字）
n. 争吵；口角
Noun. : a noisy altercation or quarrel usually over petty matters
synonyms see QUARREL
vi. : to quarrel noisily and usually over petty matters
squall
[skwɔ:l] vi. 嚎啕；尖叫
n. 暴风；[口]麻烦；高声哭喊；尖叫
vt. 尖声叫着；大声哭喊；起风暴
Intransitive verb : to cry out raucously : SCREAM
transitive verb : to utter in a strident voice
Noun. : a raucous cry
Noun.1 : a sudden violent wind often with rain or snow
2 : a short-lived commotion
vi. : to blow a squall
squalor
[‘skwɔlə, ‘skwɔ:-] n. 肮脏；悲惨；卑劣；道德败坏
Noun.: the quality or state of being squalid
square
[skwεə] adj. 平方的；正方形的；直角的；正直的
vt. 使成方形；与…一致
vi. 一致；成方形
n. 平方；广场；正方形
adv. 成直角地
Noun.1 : an instrument having at least one right angle and two straight edges used especially to lay out or test right angles
2 : a rectangle with all four sides equal
3 : any of the quadrilateral spaces marked out on a board for playing games
4 : the product of a number multiplied by itself
5 a : an open place or area formed at the meeting of two or more streets b : BLOCK 6a
6 : a solid object or piece approximating a cube or having a square as its largest face
7 : an unopened cotton flower with its enclosing bracts
8 : a person who is conventional or conservative in taste or way of life
9 : a square meal ate three squares a day
Adj.1 a : having four equal sides and four right angles b : forming a right angle square corner c : having a square base a square pyramid
2 : raised to the second power
3 a : being approximately a cube square cabinet b : having a shape that is broad for the height and rectangular rather than curving in outline square shoulders a square, thick, hard-working man ?Maria Edgeworth c : rectangular and equilateral in section square tower
4 a : being or converted to a unit of area equal in measure to a square each side of which measures one unit of a specified unit of length a square foot ? see METRIC SYSTEM table, WEIGHT table b : being of a specified length in each of two equal dimensions 10 feet square
5 a : exactly adjusted : precisely constructed or aligned b : JUST, FAIR a square deal square in all his dealings c : leaving no balance : SETTLED d : EVEN, TIED e : SUBSTANTIAL, SATISFYING square meal f : being unsophisticated, conservative, or conventional
6 : set at right angles with the mast and keel ? used of the yards of a square-rigged ship
transitive verb
1 a : to make square or rectangular square a building stone b : to test for deviation from a right angle, straight line, or plane surface
2 : to bring approximately to a right angle squared his shoulders
3 a : to multiply (a number) by itself : raise to the second power b : to find a square equal in area to square a circle
4 : to regulate or adjust by or to some standard or principle square our actions by the opinions of others ?John Milton
5 a : BALANCE, SETTLE square an account b : to even the score of
6 : to mark off into squares
7 a : to set right : bring into agreement squared their goals with their beliefs b : BRIBE, FIX
intransitive verb
1 : to agree precisely : CORRESPOND your actions should square with your words
2 : to settle matters; especially : to pay the bill
Adv.1 : in a straightforward or honest manner
2 a : so as to face or be face-to-face b : at right angles
3 : with nothing intervening : DIRECTLY ran square into it
4 : in a firm manner looked her square in the eye
5 : in a square shape
squat
[skwɔt] vi. 蹲，蹲下；蹲坐；蹲伏
vt. 使蹲坐，使蹲下
n. 蹲坐，蜷伏
adj. 蹲着的；矮胖的
Transitive verb
1 : to cause (oneself) to crouch or sit on the ground
2 : to occupy as a squatter squat in an abandoned building
intransitive verb
1 : to crouch close to the ground as if to escape observation a hare squatting in the grass
2 : to assume or maintain a position in which the body is supported on the feet and the knees are bent so that the buttocks rest on or near the heels
3 : to be or become a squatter
Adj.1 : sitting with the haunches close above the heels
2 a : low to the ground b : marked by disproportionate shortness or thickness
Noun.1 a : the act of squatting b : the posture of one that squats
2 a : a place where one squats b : the lair of a small animal the squat of a hare
3 : a lift in which a standing weight lifter drops to a squatting position and then rises to an upright position while holding a barbell on the shoulders; also : a competitive event involving this lift
4 chiefly British : an empty house or building that is occupied by squatters
5 slang : DIDDLY-SQUAT
squeamish
[‘skwiːmɪʃ] adj. 易呕吐的；易生气的；神经质的；过于拘谨的；洁癖的
Adj.1 a : easily nauseated : QUEASY b : affected with nausea
2 a : excessively fastidious or scrupulous in conduct or belief b : easily offended or disgusted
squeeze
[skwi:z] vt. 挤；紧握；勒索
vi. 压榨
n. 压榨；紧握；拥挤；佣金
Transitive verb
1 a : to exert pressure especially on opposite sides of : COMPRESS b : to extract or emit under pressure c : to force or thrust by compression
2 a (1) : to get by extortion (2) : to deprive by extortion b : to cause economic hardship to c : to reduce the amount of squeezes profits
3 : to crowd into a limited area
4 : to gain or win by a narrow margin
5 : to force (another player) to discard in bridge so as to unguard a suit
6 : to score by means of a squeeze play
intransitive verb
1 : to give way before pressure
2 : to exert pressure; also : to practice extortion or oppression
3 : to force one’s way squeeze through a door
4 : to pass, win, or get by narrowly
Noun.1 a : an act or instance of squeezing : COMPRESSION b : HANDCLASP; also : EMBRACE
2 a : a quantity squeezed out from something a squeeze of lemon b : a group crowded together : CROWD
3 : a profit taken by a middleman on goods or transactions
4 : a financial pressure caused by narrowing margins or by shortages
5 : a forced discard in bridge
6 : SQUEEZE PLAY
7 slang : a romantic partner she’s my main squeeze
squelch
[skweltʃ] vt. 消除；镇压；压碎；使…咯吱咯吱的响
vi. 嘎吱作响
n. 噪声控制；嘎吱声；压倒对方的反驳；压碎的一堆
Transitive verb
1 a : to fall or stamp on so as to crush b (1) : to completely suppress : QUELL squelch resistance (2) : SILENCE squelched the protesters
2 : to emit or move with a sucking sound
intransitive verb
1 : to emit a sucking sound
2 : to splash through water, slush, or mire
Noun.1 : a sound of or as if of semiliquid matter under suction the squelch of mud
2 : the act of suppressing; especially : a retort that silences an opponent
squint
[skwint] vi. 斜视；患斜视；倾向
n. 看
vt. 使斜视
adj. 斜视的
Adj.1 of an eye : looking or tending to look obliquely or askance (as with envy or disdain)
2 of the eyes : not having the visual axes parallel : CROSSED
intransitive verb
1 a : to have an indirect bearing, reference, or aim b : to deviate from a true line
2 a : to look in a squint-eyed manner b : to be cross-eyed c : to look or peer with eyes partly closed
transitive verb : to cause (an eye) to squint
Noun.1 : STRABISMUS
2 : an instance of squinting
3 : HAGIOSCOPE
stab
[stæb] vt. 刺；刺伤；戳；刺穿；直入
vi. 刺；刺伤；戳；刺痛
n. 刺；戳；[口]尝试；突发的一阵
Noun.1 : a wound produced by a pointed weapon
2 a : a thrust of a pointed weapon b : a jerky thrust
3 : EFFORT, TRY
4 : a sudden sharp feeling stabs of regret
transitive verb
1 : to wound or pierce by the thrust of a pointed weapon
2 : THRUST, DRIVE
intransitive verb : to thrust or give a wound with or as if with a pointed weapon
stagy
[‘steidʒi] adj. 做作的，不自然的
Adj.: of or characteristic of the stage; especially : marked by pretense or artificiality : THEATRICAL
staid
adj. 固定的；沉着的；沉静的
adj. 古板的，保守的
Adj.: marked by settled sedateness and often prim self-restraint : SOBER, GRAVE
synonyms see SERIOUS
stain
[stein] vt. 沾污；败坏；给…着色
vi. 污染；被沾污；被染污
n. 污点；瑕疵；着色剂
Transitive verb
1 : to suffuse with color
2 : DISCOLOR, SOIL
3 a : TAINT 3 a conscience stained with guilt b : to bring discredit on the scandal stained his reputation
4 : to color (as wood, glass, or cloth) by processes affecting chemically or otherwise the material itself
intransitive verb : to receive a stain
Noun.1 a : a soiled or discolored spot b : a natural spot of color contrasting with the ground
2 : a taint of guilt : STIGMA
3 : a preparation (as of dye or pigment) used in staining: as a : a dye or pigment capable of penetrating the pores of wood b : a dye or mixture of dyes used in microscopy to make visible minute and transparent structures, to differentiate tissue elements, or to produce specific chemical reactions
stale
[steil] adj. 陈腐的；不新鲜的
vi. 变陈旧；撒尿；变得不新鲜
vt. 使变旧；变得不新鲜
n. 尿
Adj.1 : tasteless or unpalatable from age stale bread
2 : tedious from familiarity a stale routine
3 : impaired in legal force or effect by reason of being allowed to rest without timely use, action, or demand a stale affidavit a stale debt
4 : impaired in vigor or effectiveness
transitive verb
1 : to make stale
2 archaic : to make common : CHEAPEN
intransitive verb : to become stale
vi. : URINATE ? used chiefly of camels and horses
Noun.: urine of a domestic animal (as a horse)
stammer
[‘stæmə] vi. 口吃；结结巴巴地说
vt. 口吃；结巴着说出
n. 口吃；结巴
Intransitive verb : to make involuntary stops and repetitions in speaking
transitive verb : to utter with involuntary stops or repetitions
stampede
[stæm’pi:d] n. 惊跑；人群的蜂拥；军队溃败
vi. 蜂拥；逃窜
vt. 使…惊逃；抢占
Noun.1 : a wild headlong rush or flight of frightened animals
2 : a mass movement of people at a common impulse
3 : an extended festival combining a rodeo with exhibitions, contests, and social events
transitive verb
1 : to cause to run away in headlong panic
2 : to cause (as a group of people) to act on sudden or rash impulse
intransitive verb
1 : to flee headlong in panic
2 : to act on mass impulse
stanza
[‘stænzə] n. 演出期；局；场；诗的一节
Noun.: a division of a poem consisting of a series of lines arranged together in a usually recurring pattern of meter and rhyme : STROPHE
Star-crossed
[‘stɑ:krɔst, -krɔ:st] adj. 不幸的；运气不好的；倒霉的
Adj. : not favored by the stars : ILL-FATED a pair of starcrossed lovers take their life ?Shakespeare*
startle
[‘stɑ:tl] vt. 使吓一跳；使惊奇
vi. 惊吓；惊跳；惊奇
n. 惊愕；惊恐
Intransitive verb : to move or jump suddenly (as in surprise or alarm) the baby startles easily
transitive verb : to frighten or surprise suddenly and usually not seriously
Noun. : a sudden mild shock (as of surprise or alarm)
stationary
[‘steiʃənəri] adj. 固定的；静止的；定居的；常备军的
n. 不动的人；驻军
Adj.1 : fixed in a station, course, or mode : IMMOBILE
2 : unchanging in condition a stationary population
statuary
[‘stætjuəri, -tʃu,eri] n. 雕像；雕像艺术
adj. 雕塑的；雕像用的
Noun.1 : SCULPTOR
2 a : the art of making statues b : a collection of statues : STATUES
Adj.: of, relating to, or suitable for statues
stature
[‘stætʃə] n. 身高，身材；（精神、道德等的）高度
Noun.1 : natural height (as of a person) in an upright position
2 : quality or status gained by growth, development, or achievement
status
[‘steitəs, ‘stæ-] n. 地位；状态；情形；重要身分
Noun.1 a : position or rank in relation to others the status of a father b : relative rank in a hierarchy of prestige; especially : high prestige
2 : the condition of a person or thing in the eyes of the law
3 : state or condition with respect to circumstances the status of the negotiations
statutory
[‘stætjutəri, -tʃu-] adj. 法定的；法令的；可依法惩处的
Adj.1 : of or relating to statutes
2 : enacted, created, or regulated by statute a statutory age limit
staunch
[stɔ:ntʃ, stɑ:ntʃ] adj. 坚定的；忠诚的；坚固的
vt. 止住；止血
vt.1 : to check or stop the flowing of stanched her tears; also : to stop the flow of blood from (a wound)
2 archaic : ALLAY, EXTINGUISH
3 a : to stop or check in its course trying to stanch the crime wave b : to make watertight : stop up
Adj.1 a : WATERTIGHT, SOUND b : strongly built : SUBSTANTIAL
2 : steadfast in loyalty or principle a staunch friend
synonyms see FAITHFUL
stealth
[stelθ] n. 秘密；秘密行动；鬼祟
Noun.1 a archaic : THEFT b obsolete : something stolen
2 : the act or action of proceeding furtively, secretly, or imperceptibly the state moves by stealth to gather information ?Nat Hentoff
3 : the state of being furtive or unobtrusive
4 : an aircraft-design characteristic consisting of oblique angular construction and avoidance of vertical surfaces that is intended to produce a very weak radar return
Adj.: intended not to attract attention : STEALTHY a stealth campaign
steep
[sti:p] adj. 陡峭的；不合理的；夸大的；急剧升降的
vt. 泡；浸；使…充满
vi. 泡；沉浸
n. 峭壁；浸渍
Adj.1 : LOFTY, HIGH ? used chiefly of a sea
2 : making a large angle with the plane of the horizon
3 a : mounting or falling precipitously the stairs were very steep b : being or characterized by a rapid and intensive decline or increase
4 : extremely or excessively high steep prices
Noun.: a precipitous place
transitive verb
1 : to soak in a liquid at a temperature under the boiling point (as for softening, bleaching, or extracting an essence)
2 : to cover with or plunge into a liquid (as in bathing, rinsing, or soaking)
3 : to saturate with or subject thoroughly to (some strong or pervading influence) practices steeped in tradition
intransitive verb : to undergo the process of soaking in a liquid
synonyms see SOAK
Noun.1 : the state or process of being steeped
2 : a bath or solution in which something is steeped
steer
[stiə] vt. 控制，引导；驾驶
vi. 驾驶，掌舵；行驶
n. 阉牛
Noun.1 : a male bovine animal and especially a domestic ox (Bos taurus) castrated before sexual maturity ? compare STAG 3
2 : an ox less than four years old
transitive verb
1 : to control the course of : DIRECT; especially : to guide by mechanical means (as a rudder)
2 : to set and hold to (a course)
intransitive verb
1 : to direct the course (as of a ship or automobile)
2 : to pursue a course of action
3 : to be subject to guidance or direction an automobile that steers well
synonyms see GUIDE
Noun. : a hint as to procedure : TIP
stench
[stentʃ] n. 恶臭；臭气 vt. 使…散发恶臭 vi. 发恶臭 Noun.1 : STINK 2 : a characteristic repugnant quality *the stench of corruption*
stentorian
[sten’tɔ:riən] adj. 声音洪亮的
Adj.: extremely loud stentorian tones
synonyms see LOUD
sterilize
[‘sterəlaiz] vt. 消毒，杀菌；使成不毛；使绝育；使不起作用
vt.: to make sterile: as a : to cause (land) to become unfruitful b (1) : to deprive of the power of reproducing surgically sterilize cats and dogs (2) : to make incapable of germination c : to make powerless or useless usually by restraining from a normal function, relation, or participation d : to free from living microorganisms
stickler
[‘stiklə] n. 坚持细节的人；顽固的人；费解的事物
Noun.1 : one who insists on exactness or completeness in the observance of something a stickler for the rules
2 : something that baffles or puzzles : POSER, STICKER
sticky
[‘stiki] adj. 粘的；粘性的
Adj.1 a : ADHESIVE b (1) : VISCOUS, GLUEY (2) : coated with a sticky substance hands sticky with sap
2 : HUMID, MUGGY; also : CLAMMY
3 : tending to stick a sticky window
4 a : DISAGREEABLE, UNPLEASANT came to a sticky end b : AWKWARD, STIFF c : DIFFICULT, PROBLEMATIC a sticky situation
5 : excessively sentimental : CLOYING
stiff
[stif] adj. 呆板的；坚硬的；严厉的；拘谨的；拘谨的
adv. 僵硬地；彻底地
n. [俚]死尸；令人讨厌者；流通票据；劳动者
vt. 亏待侍者等
vi. 在商业上惨败
Adj.1 a : not easily bent : RIGID a stiff collar b : lacking in suppleness or flexibility stiff muscles c : impeded in movement ? used of a mechanism a truck’s stiff suspension d : DRUNK 1a
2 a : FIRM, RESOLUTE b : STUBBORN, UNYIELDING c : PROUD d (1) : marked by reserve or decorum (2) : lacking in ease or grace : STILTED
3 : hard fought : PUGNACIOUS, SHARP drove a stiff bargain stiff competition
4 a (1) : exerting great force a stiff wind (2) : FORCEFUL, VIGOROUS b : POTENT a stiff dose poured her a stiff drink
5 : of a dense or glutinous consistency : THICK
6 a : HARSH, SEVERE a stiff penalty b : ARDUOUS, RUGGED stiff terrain
7 : not easily heeled over by an external force (as the wind) a stiff ship
8 : EXPENSIVE, STEEP paid a stiff price
Adv.1 : in a stiff manner : STIFFLY
2 : to an extreme degree : SEVERELY scared stiff bored stiff
3 : close enough to the hole for an easy putt in golf hit it stiff and tapped it in for an easy birdie
Noun.1 : CORPSE
2 a : TRAMP, BUM b : a member of the working class; especially : a blue-collar worker c : PERSON a lucky stiff; especially : a stodgy or excessively decorous person
3 : FLOP, FAILURE
transitive verb
1 a : to refuse to pay or tip stiffed the waiter b : CHEAT stiffed him in a business deal c : STICK 7a stiffed us with the bar bill
2 : SNUB 3 stiffed sportswriters after the game
intransitive verb : to fail commercially the movie stiffed at the box office
stifle
[‘staifl] vt. 扼杀；使窒息；藏匿
vi. 窒息；被扼杀
n. （马等的）后膝关节；（马等的）后膝关节病
Noun.: the joint next above the hock in the hind leg of a quadruped (as a horse or dog) corresponding to the human knee ? see HORSE illustration
transitive verb
1 a : to kill by depriving of oxygen : SUFFOCATE b (1) : SMOTHER (2) : MUFFLE
2 a : to cut off (as the voice or breath) b : to withhold from circulation or expression : REPRESS stifled our anger c : DETER, DISCOURAGE
intransitive verb : to become suffocated by or as if by lack of oxygen : SMOTHER stifling in the heat
stigma
[‘stiɡmə] n. 柱头；耻辱；污名；烙印；特征
Noun.1 a archaic : a scar left by a hot iron : BRAND b : a mark of shame or discredit : STAIN bore the stigma of cowardice c : an identifying mark or characteristic; specifically : a specific diagnostic sign of a disease
2 a stigmata plural : bodily marks or pains resembling the wounds of the crucified Jesus and sometimes accompanying religious ecstasy b : PETECHIA
3 a : a small spot, scar, or opening on a plant or animal b : the usually apical part of the pistil of a flower which receives the pollen grains and on which they germinate ? see FLOWER illustration
stigmatize
[‘stiɡmətaiz] vt. 诬蔑；玷污；给…打上烙印
vt.1 a archaic : BRAND b : to describe or identify in opprobrious terms
2 : to mark with stigmata
stimulant
[‘stimjulənt] n. 兴奋剂；刺激物；酒精饮料
adj. 激励的；使人兴奋的
Noun.1 : an agent (as a drug) that produces a temporary increase of the functional activity or efficiency of an organism or any of its parts
2 : STIMULUS
3 : an alcoholic beverage ? not used technically
sting
[stiŋ] n. 刺痛；讽刺，刺激；刺毛
vt. 刺；驱使；使…苦恼；使…疼痛
vi. 刺痛；被刺痛；感到剧痛
Transitive verb
1 : to prick painfully: as a : to pierce or wound with a poisonous or irritating process b : to affect with sharp quick pain or smart hail stung their faces
2 : to cause to suffer acutely stung with remorse
3 : OVERCHARGE, CHEAT
intransitive verb
1 : to wound one with or as if with a sting
2 : to feel a keen burning pain or smart; also : to cause such pain
Noun.1 a : the act of stinging; specifically : the thrust of a stinger into the flesh b : a wound or pain caused by or as if by stinging
2 : STINGER 2
3 : a sharp or stinging element, force, or quality
4 : an elaborate confidence game; specifically : such a game worked by undercover police in order to trap criminals
stinginess
[‘stindʒinis] n. 吝啬
Noun. : the quality or state of being stingy
stipple
[‘stipl] vt. （雕刻）点刻；点彩
n. （绘画）点画；点刻法
vi. 用点刻；用点画
vt.1 : to engrave by means of dots and flicks
2 a : to make by small short touches (as of paint or ink) that together produce an even or softly graded shadow b : to apply (as paint) by repeated small touches
3 : SPECKLE, FLECK
Noun.: production of gradation of light and shade in graphic art by stippling small points, larger dots, or longer strokes; also : an effect produced in this way
stipulation
[,stipju’leiʃən] n. 规定；约定；条款；契约
Noun.1 : an act of stipulating
2 : something stipulated; especially : a condition, requirement, or item specified in a legal instrument
stir
[stə:] n. 搅拌；轰动
vt. 搅拌；激起；惹起
vi. 搅动；传播；走动
Transitive verb
1 a : to cause an especially slight movement or change of position of b : to disturb the quiet of : AGITATE ? often used with up the bear stirred up the bees
2 a : to disturb the relative position of the particles or parts of especially by a continued circular movement stir the pudding stir the fire ? often used with up stirred up mud from the lake bottom b : to mix by or as if by stirring ? often used with in stir in the spices
3 : BESTIR, EXERT
4 : to bring into notice or debate : RAISE ? often used with up stir up sensitive issues
5 a : to rouse to activity : evoke strong feelings in music that stirs the emotions b : to call forth (as a memory) : EVOKE c : PROVOKE stir a storm of controversy
intransitive verb
1 a : to make a slight movement the leaves were barely stirring b : to begin to move (as in rousing) c : to shift to another location : BUDGE haven’t stirred since I arrived
2 : to begin to be active the factory stirred to life
3 : to be active or busy not a creature was stirring ?Clement Moore
4 : to pass an implement through a substance with a circular movement
5 : to be able to be stirred
Noun.1 a : a state of disturbance, agitation, or brisk activity b : widespread notice and discussion : IMPRESSION the book caused quite a stir
2 : a slight movement
3 : a stirring movement
Noun.slang : PRISON
stitch
[stitʃ] n. 针脚，线迹；一针
vt. 缝，缝合
vi. 缝，缝合
Noun.1 : a local sharp and sudden pain especially in the side
2 a : one in-and-out movement of a threaded needle in sewing, embroidering, or suturing b : a portion of thread left in the material or suture left in the tissue after one stitch
3 : a least bit especially of clothing didn’t have a stitch on
4 : a single loop of thread or yarn around an implement (as a knitting needle or crochet hook)
5 : a stitch or series of stitches formed in a particular way a basting stitch
transitive verb
1 a : to fasten, join, or close with or as if with stitches stitched a seam b : to make, mend, or decorate with or as if with stitches
2 : to unite by means of staples
intransitive verb : SEW
stock
[stɔk] n. 股份，股票；库存；血统；树干
adj. 存货的，常备的；平凡的
vt. 进货；备有；装把手于…
vi. 囤积；办货；出新芽
Noun.1 a archaic : STUMP b archaic : a log or block of wood c (1) archaic : something without life or consciousness (2) : a dull, stupid, or lifeless person
2 : a supporting framework or structure: as a plural : the frame or timbers holding a ship during construction b plural : a device for publicly punishing offenders consisting of a wooden frame with holes in which the feet or feet and hands can be locked c (1) : the wooden part by which a shoulder arm is held during firing (2) : the butt of an implement (as a whip or fishing rod) (3) : BITSTOCK, BRACE d : a long beam on a field gun forming the third support point in firing
3 a : the main stem of a plant : TRUNK b (1) : a plant or plant part united with a scion in grafting and supplying mostly underground parts to a graft (2) : a plant from which slips or cuttings are taken
4 : the crosspiece of an anchor ? see ANCHOR illustration
5 a : the original (as a person, race, or language) from which others derive : SOURCE b (1) : the descendants of one individual : FAMILY, LINEAGE of European stock (2) : a compound organism c : an infraspecific group usually having unity of descent d (1) : a related group of languages (2) : a language family
6 a (1) : the equipment, materials, or supplies of an establishment (2) : LIVESTOCK b : a store or supply accumulated or available; especially : the inventory of goods of a merchant or manufacturer
7 a archaic : a supply of capital : FUNDS; especially : money or capital invested or available for investment or trading b (1) : the part of a tally formerly given to the creditor in a transaction (2) : a debt or fund due (as from a government) for money loaned at interest; also British : capital or a debt or fund bearing interest in perpetuity and not ordinarily redeemable as to principal c (1) : the proprietorship element in a corporation usually divided into shares and represented by transferable certificates (2) : a portion of such stock of one or more companies (3) : STOCK CERTIFICATE
8 : any of a genus (Matthiola) of Old World herbs or subshrubs of the mustard family with racemes of usually sweet-scented flowers
9 : a wide band or scarf worn about the neck especially by some clergymen
10 a : liquid in which meat, fish, or vegetables have been simmered that is used as a basis for soup, gravy, or sauce b (1) : raw material from which something is manufactured (2) : paper used for printing c : the portion of a pack of cards not distributed to the players at the beginning of a game
11 a (1) : an estimate or evaluation of something take stock of the situation (2) : the estimation in which someone or something is held his stock with the electorate remains high ?Newsweek b : confidence or faith placed in someone or something put little stock in his testimony
12 : the production and presentation of plays by a stock company
13 : STOCK CAR 1
transitive verb
1 : to make (a domestic animal) pregnant
2 : to fit to or with a stock
3 : to provide with stock or a stock : SUPPLY stock a stream with trout
4 : to procure or keep a stock of our store stocks that brand
5 : to graze (livestock) on land
intransitive verb
1 : to send out new shoots
2 : to put in stock or supplies stock up on canned goods
Adj.1 a : kept regularly in stock comes in stock sizes a stock model b : commonly used or brought forward : STANDARD the stock answer
2 a : kept for breeding purposes : BROOD a stock mare b : devoted to the breeding and rearing of livestock a stock farm c : used or intended for livestock a stock train d : used in herding livestock a stock horse a stock dog
3 : of or relating to a stock company
4 : employed in handling, checking, or taking care of the stock of merchandise on hand a stock clerk
stodgy
[‘stɔdʒi] adj. 平凡的；塞满的；庸俗的
Adj.1 : having a rich filling quality : HEAVY stodgy bread
2 : moving in a slow plodding way especially as a result of physical bulkiness
3 : BORING, DULL out on a peaceful rather stodgy Sunday boat trip ?Edna Ferber
4 : extremely old-fashioned : HIDEBOUND received a pompously Victorian letter from his stodgy father ?E. E. S. Montagu
5 a : DRAB b : DOWDY
stoke
[stəuk] vi. 烧火；做司炉工；大吃大喝
vt. 拨旺火；使饱吃一顿
Transitive verb
1 : to poke or stir up (as a fire) : supply with fuel
2 : to feed abundantly
3 : to increase the activity, intensity, or amount of limiting the number of cars availableTwill help stoke demand for the car ?Keith Naughton
intransitive verb : to stir up or tend a fire (as in a furnace) : supply a furnace with fuel
stolid
[‘stɔlid] adj. 迟钝的；缺乏热情的；冷漠的
Adj.: having or expressing little or no sensibility : UNEMOTIONAL
synonyms see IMPASSIVE
stomach
[‘stʌmək] n. 胃；腹部；胃口
vt. 忍受；吃下
vi. 忍受
Noun.1 a (1) : a dilatation of the alimentary canal of a vertebrate communicating anteriorly with the esophagus and posteriorly with the duodenum (2) : one of the compartments of a ruminant stomach the abomasum is the fourth stomach of a ruminant b : a cavity in an invertebrate animal that is analogous to a stomach c : the part of the body that contains the stomach : BELLY, ABDOMEN
2 a : desire for food caused by hunger : APPETITE b : INCLINATION, DESIRE had no stomach for an argument; also : COURAGE, GUTS
3 obsolete a : SPIRIT, VALOR b : PRIDE c : SPLEEN, RESENTMENT
vt.1 archaic : to take offense at
2 : to bear without overt reaction or resentment : put up with couldn’t stomach office politics
stonewall
[,stəun’wɔ:l] vt. 妨碍；阻碍；小心翼翼地打球
vi. 妨碍；阻碍；小心翼翼地打球
Intransitive verb
1 chiefly British : to engage in obstructive parliamentary debate or delaying tactics
2 : to be uncooperative, obstructive, or evasive
transitive verb : to refuse to comply or cooperate with
stooge
[stu:dʒ] n. 喜剧里的配角或丑角；助手；傀儡；密探
vi. 充当配角；[英俚]巡航
Noun.1 a : one who plays a subordinate or compliant role to a principal b : PUPPET 3
2 : STRAIGHT MAN
3 : STOOL PIGEON 1
vi.: to act as a stooge congressmen who stooge for the oil and mineral interests ?New Republic
