L33 Flashcards

1
Q

What is cardiomyopathy

A

Dysfxn of myocardium

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2
Q

5 types of cardiomyopathies

A
  1. Dilated
  2. Hypertrophic
  3. Restrictive
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3
Q

What does dilated CM look like

A

Dilated LA & LV
Thickness can be normal - cavity larger
Dilation causes

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4
Q

Is dilated CM systolic or diastolic pathology

A

Systolic

Dilated means don’t get the same contraction

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5
Q

Causes of dilated CM

A
Genetics
Post-myocarditis 
Alcohol
Pregnancy 
Hemochromatosis (iron overload)
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6
Q

What disease results from dilated CM?

A

CHF

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7
Q

What drug could give you dilated CM

A

Doxorubicin (chemo)

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8
Q

2ary findings/concerns/patho for dilated CM

A
  1. Tricuspid and mitral regurg due to ventricular dilation

2. Thrombi

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9
Q

What histo changes do you see with arrhythmogenic RV CM?

A

Fibrofatty

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10
Q

What genetic mutation is common for hypertrophic CM

A

B myosin heavy chain

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11
Q

Is hypertrophic CM a disease of systole or diastole

A

Diastole - duh, hypertrophic ventricle so doesn’t relax - doesn’t fill correctly

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12
Q

What does hypertrophic CM look like?

A

Thick LV
Dilated LA
+/- outflow obstruction

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13
Q

Treat hypertrophic CM

A

BBs

Ca CBs

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14
Q

Hypertrophic CM histo

A

Myofiber disarray

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15
Q

3 causes of restrictive CM

A

Idiopathic
Amyloid
Endocardial fibrosis

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16
Q

What does restrictive CM look like?

A

Ventricles normal

Both atrial dilated

17
Q

Is restricted CM a disease of systole or diastole

A

Stiff ventricle - no change in size of gross appearance
Restricted motion - can’t relax fully - impaired filling
DIASTOLIC problem

18
Q

What are the 3 types of amyloid that could cause restrictive CM

A

AL - light chain amyloids
AA
AS - transthyretin

19
Q

What do you see grossly with amyloid restrictive CM

A

Waxy lining of endocardium (inner most layer)

Esp at atrium

20
Q

Can you ID cardiac amyloid histo?

A

GO LOOK IT UP

Test Q

21
Q

Normal or reduced EF & CO for dilated, hypertrophy and restrictive CM

A

ALL low CO = CM
Dialted = low EF
Hyper & restrictive = normal EF

22
Q

What is Loffler endocarditis? What CM can it cause?

A

Eosinophil infiltrate –> thrombosis –> scar –> restricted CM

23
Q

Treat Loffler endocarditis restricted CM

24
Q

Most common cause of myocarditis

A

VIRAL

  • Cox B
  • Adeno
25
What pts get viral myocarditis? What does the heart look like?
Kids and teens Flabby, DILATED heart w/ T cell infiltrate on histo Aka LYMPHOCYTE infiltrate
26
Pathogensis for viral myocarditis - what type of CM can result (treat)
``` Viral infection - virus particles attach to heart receptors Infection cleared Immune attacks viral particles on heart Recover totally - or DILATED CM Treat like dilated CM - ACE I - BBs ```
27
What does HST myocarditis look like on histo?
EOSINOPHILIC infiltrate | - 2 lobes, bright RED granules
28
What should you look for on histo for giant cell myocarditis
Giant cell = macrophage w/ multiple nuclei