L2: Valvular Heart Diseases - MS Flashcards
Mitral valve apparatus (complex)
Def of MS
VHD characterized by the narrowing of Mitral Valve Orifice
Normla MVO
- the MV Orifice Area (MVO) is about 5 cm during diastole. Normally,
- Any decrease in (MVO) below 2 cm indicate MS.
Causes of MS
Causes of MS
- Most Common
Rheumatic Heart Disease
Etio-Pathologic Evolution of Rh. MS
Pathology in MS
Stages of MS
CP of MS
CP of MS
- Symptoms
Symptoms of MS
- Asymp
- in Mild Cases (discovered accidentally during routine cardiac examination)
Symptoms of MS
- PVC
Symptoms of MS
- LCOP
Symptoms of MS
- SVC
Symptoms of MS
- Comp
…
CP of MS
- Signs
General Signs of MS
General Signs of MS
- PHTN Cases
General Signs of MS
- Group IV Patients
General Signs of MS
- Complications
….
Local Ex of MS
Local Ex of MS
- Precordial Ex
Local Ex of MS
- Ausc
Ausc. in MS
- S1
Ausc. in MS
- OS
Ausc. in MS
- MDM
MDM in MS
- Timing
- Site
- Severity & pre-systolic Acc.
Ausc in MS
- Others
DDx of MDM
- Left atrial myxoma
- Cortriatriation
- Congenital MS
Def of Silent MS
- Type of MS with no audible diastolic murmur Occur if COP is very low
Etiology of Silent MS
Silent MS
- Dx
Flow across the valve is markedly reduced such that a murmur is not generated
- If suspected, it can be diaanosed bv echo Doppler
INVx for MS
INVx for MS
- ECG
ECG in MS
- None
mild cases
ECG in MS
- P-Wave
- Wave abnormalities of LAE (P mitral)
- RAE (P Pulmonal in severe and advanced cases)
ECG in MS
- AF
…
ECG in MS
- RVH
Advanced cases
X-Ray in MS
X-Ray in MS
- none
Mild Cases
X-Ray in MS
- In Congestive Cases
ECHO in MS
Cardinal Diagnostics in MS
Cardinal Diagnostics in MS
- Local Ex
Cardinal Diagnostics in MS
- ECG
Cardinal Diagnostics in MS
- X-Ray
Cardinal Diagnostics in MS
- Doppler ECHO
TTT of MS
TTT of MS
- General
TTT of MS
- Medical
TTT of MS
- Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty
TTT of MS
- MV Surgery
MV Replacment in TTT of MS
- Indication
- Types
- Prophylaxis
