L2: Valvular Heart Diseases - MR

Question 1

Def of MR

Answer 1

Means Inadequate competent closure of MV leaflets passage of blood from

• LV to LA during ventrcular systole

Question 2

Proper Closutre of MV Requires …..

Answer 2

Question 3

Pathophysiology of MR

Answer 3

Question 4

Etiology of MR

Question 5

Etiology of MR

• Acute

Answer 5

• Infective endocarditis
• Acute myocardial infarction
• Trauma

Question 6

Etiology of MR

• Chronic

Answer 6

• Chronic rheumatic heart disease
• Mitral valve prolapse
• Left ventricular dilatation
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Degeneration of valves cusps

Question 7

Etiology of MR

• Mitral Valve Ring

Answer 7

Question 8

Etiology of MR

• Mitral Leaflets

Answer 8

Question 9

Etiology of MR

• Chorda Tendineae

Answer 9

Question 10

Etiology of MR

• Papillary Muscle Dysfunction

Answer 10

Question 11

Cardinal Symptom of Acute MR

Answer 11

• Acute MR presents a sudden volume overload to left atrium and left ventricle, the steep rise in pulmonary venous pressure often resulting in pulmonary oedema

Question 12

CP of MR

Answer 12

Question 13

CP of MR

• Acute

Answer 13

Question 14

CP of MR

• Chronic

Answer 14

Question 15

CP of MR

• Symptoms

Answer 15

Question 16

Symptoms of MR

• Chronic

Answer 16

Question 17

Symptoms of MR

• Acute

Answer 17

Present with Acute severe dysphoea or frank pulmonary oedema

Question 18

Signs of MR

Answer 18

Question 19

Signs of MR

• General

Answer 19

No characteristic abnormalities

• “BBC & Weak pulse”

Question 20

Signs of MR

• Precordial Ex

Answer 20

• Signs of LV hypertrophy in moderate and sever cases
• Systolic thrill over the apex
• Hyperdynamic Apex

Question 21

Signs of MR

• Auscultation

Answer 21

Question 22

Signs of MR

• S1

Answer 22

Weak or muffled

Question 23

Signs of MR

• S3

Answer 23

Question 24

Signs of MR

• Murmur

Answer 24

Question 25

Complications of MR

Answer 25

Question 26

INVx for MR

Answer 26

Question 27

INVx for MR

• ECG

Answer 27

LAE & LVE

Question 28

INVx for MR

• Plain X-Ray

Answer 28

• LAE & LVE
• PVC

Question 29

INVx for MR

• ECHO

Answer 29

Question 30

INVx for MR

• Cardiac Cathetrization

Answer 30

….

Question 31

TTT of MR

Answer 31

Question 32

TTT of MR

• Acute MR

Answer 32

Question 33

TTT of MR

• Chronic MR

Answer 33

Question 34

TTT of Chronic MR

Answer 34

Question 35

TTT of Chronic MR

• Medical

Answer 35

Question 37

TTT of Chronic MR

• Surgical

Answer 37

Question 38

Surgical TTT of Chronic MR

• Indication

Answer 38

Surgery is indicated for severe MR producing:

• Progressive symptoms refractory to medial treatment.
• Progressive cardiomegaly.
• Declining LV function

Question 39

Surgical TTT of Chronic MR

• Consists of

Answer 39