L17: IBD Flashcards
Def of IBD
Characters of IBD
Relapsing and remitting condition.
Characterized by chronic inflammation at various sites in the GI tract.
Types of IBD
Crohn’s disease & Ulcerative colitis (UC).
Why is IBD Confused with IBS?
as both Result in diarrhea and abdominal pain.
Etiology of IBD
Def of Crohn’s disease
Chronic transmural inflammation affecting the gut from mouth to perianal region.
Def of UC
Inflammatory disease affecting Colonic mucosa anywhere from rectum to cecum
Age in Crohn’s disease
<30 years, second peak age 60.
Age in UC
2/3 onset by age 30
Sex in Crohn’s disease
Females > males.
Sex in UC
Females = males.
Smoking & Crohn’s disease
Increases CD
Smoking & UC
Risk is less in smokers
Site of Crohn’s disease
Any part of GIT, from mouthto anus, but mainly terminal ileum & ascending colon.
Site of UC
limited to the colon, but mainly affects the rectosigmoid region
Layers affected in Crohn’s disease
all layers
Granuloma in UC
no granuloma
Layers affected in UC
mucosa
Granuloma in Crohn’s disease
non caseating granuloma
Crypt Abcess in Crohn’s disease
No
Crypt Abscess in UC
Yes
Continuity of Lesions in Crohn’s disease
skip lesions
Continuity of Lesions in UC
continuous lesions
Extra-Intestinal Manifestations in IBD
Skin Manifestations in IBD
Erythema nodosum, Pyoderma gangrenosum, (skin tags, Oral Aphthous = Crohn’s)
Rhematological Manifestations in IBD
ankylosing spondylitis, Sacroiliitis, arthritis (commonest association)
Occular Manifestations in IBD
uveitis, scleritis, episcleritis, scleromalacia
Hepatic Manifestations in IBD
PSC, fatty liver, gall stones.
Other Extra-Intestinal Manifestations in IBD
vasculitis, osteoporosis, Vitamin deficiency, thromboembolism.
Compare between Crohn’s Disease & UC in terms of:
- Age
- Sex
- Smoking
- Rectal Bleeding
- Diarrhea
- Pain
- Urgency
- Mass
- Fever
Compare between Crohn’s Disease & UC in terms of:
- Complications
INVx in IBD
Colonoscopy in Crohn’s Disease
Colonoscopy in UC
Bariam Enema in Crohn’s Disease
Barium Enema in UC
CT/MR Colongraphy in IBD
Capsule Endoscopy in IBD
Serology in IBD
Calprotectin & CRP in IBD
Diet & Lifestyle Changes in TTT of UC
TTT Options in IBD
- Diet / Lifestyle
- Antidiarrheal Drugs
- Antibiotics
- 5-ASA
- Corticosteroids
- Immunosuppresive Drugs
- Biologic Drugs
- Surgical TTT
Diet & Lifestyle Changes in TTT of Crohn’s Disease
Anttidiarrheal Drugs in TTT of Crohn’s Disease
Anttidiarrheal Drugs in TTT of UC
Antibiotic in TTT of Crohn’s Disease
Antiobiotics in TTT of UC
5-ASA in TTT of Crohn’s Disease
5-ASA in TTT of UC
Corticosteroides in TTT of Crohn’s Disease
Corticosteroides in TTT of UC
Immunosupressives in TTT of IBD
Biological TTT of Crohn’s Disease
Biological TTT of UC
Surgical TTT of Crohn’s Disease
Surgical TTT of UC
Truelove and Witts’ classification of clinical severity of ulcerative colitis
CP of Toxic or fulminant colitis
Sudden violent diarrhea.
Fever to 40° C (104° F).
Abdominal pain.
Signs of peritonitis.
Extraintestinal manifestations particularly joint and skin complications
Toxic or fulminant colitis is more common with ………
Ulcerative colitis
Describe Toxic or fulminant colitis
Occurs when transmural extension of ulceration results in localized ileus and peritonitis.
The colon loses muscular tone and begins to dilate.
Def of Megacolon
Transverse colon 5 – 6 cm diameter during an exacerbation.
If fulminant colitis or toxic megacolon is suspected. ,,,,,
In UC
- The risk of colon cancer is proportional to:
Duration of disease
Amount of colon affected
In UC
- Sustained microscopic inflammation is → a risk factor.
…
In UC
- Cancer begins to appear by ….. from onset of illness in patients with extensive colitis
7 years
In UC
- Regular colonoscopic surveillance, any grade of definite dysplasia → a strong indication for total colectomy.
…
managment of Obstuction in Crohn’s Disease
Nasogastric suction and IV fluids.
Immediate surgery.
managment of Fulminant disease or abscess in Crohn’s Disease
Hospitalized for IV fluids and antibiotics.
Abscesses must be drained, either percutaneously or surgically.
managment of Fistulas in Crohn’s Disease
Treated initially with metronidazole.
Severe refractory perianal fistulas may require temporary diverting colostomy.
Best adjunct to Anti TNF.
Compare between IBD & IBS in terms of:
- CP
- INVx
- TTT
Done
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