Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BAB > L14: The Role Of Hypothalamus > Flashcards

L14: The Role Of Hypothalamus Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the hypothalamus located

A

At the base of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What structure is an extension of the hypothalamus

A

Pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the general functions of the hypothalamus

A

Homeostasis

Motivated behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give an example of a motivated behaviour

A

Motivated to eat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many hypothalamus is there in the midline

A

2 because the hypothalamus is located in the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What makes the hypothalamus protective against injury

A

The locations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What 3 major functions does the hypothalamus control

A

Autonomic system
Endocrine system
Behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the hypothalamus do with these 3 functions

A

Integrate it together to bring an appropriate response via the autonomic or somatic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What the inputs to the hypothalamus from

A

1) internal environment e.g sensory receptors of osmoreceptors or sensory receptors of the viscera
2) sensory input form external environment from the olfactory or retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the sensory inputs from the internal environment associated with

A

Homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 2 structures in the brain that receive info from the external

A

Limbic regions

Hippocampus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What impact does the limbic regions have

A

Emotional state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the hippocampus involved in

A

Memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If the hippocampus and limbic regions receive external info what can they do to affect the hypothalamus

A

Input into the hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does the hypothalamus output into

A

Pituitary
Brainstem
Limbic regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does output to the pituitary gland via the hypothalamus cause

A

Hormones (endocrine function)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does output into the brainstem via the hypothalamus cause

A

Autonomic function

Behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does output back to the limb region cause

A

Behaviour function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the hypothalamus contain

A

A collection of many nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the anterior anatomical boundary of the hypothalamus

A

Peri optic area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the posterior anatomical boundary of the hypothalamus

A

Mamillary body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

From the medial lateral axis of the hypothalamus what are the 3 zones in the hypothalamus

A

Peri ventricular zone
Medial zone
Lateral zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the nuclie that are within the peraventricular zone

A

Super chiasmatic nucleus
Arcuate nucleus
Paraventricular nucleus

24
Q

What is the supra chiasmatic nucleus involved in

A

Determining the circadian rhythm

25
Q

What is the arcuate nuclues involved in

A

Feeding

26
Q

What is the paraventricular nucleus involved in

A

Feeding and pituitary gland control

27
Q

What nucleus is within the medial zone

A

Paraventicular nucleus

28
Q

What nucleus is within the lateral zone

A

Lateral hypothalamic nucleus

Supraoptic nucleus

29
Q

What is the lateral hypothalamus nucleus involved in

A

Feeding

30
Q

What is the supraoptic nuclei involved in

A

Release hormone into the posterior pituitary gland

31
Q

What are the 3 main functions of the hypothalamus

A

Autonomic
Endocrine
Behaviour

32
Q

What nucleus is the autonomic function closely associated with

A

Paraventricular nucleus

33
Q

How does the paraventricular nucleus become involved in the autonomic functions

A

1) paraventricular nucleus sends a signal down to the brainstem
2) at the brainstem the SNS and PNS preganglionic neurones originate
3) stimulation of the hypothalamus leads to changes in blood pressure, heart rate and other ANS controllers functions

34
Q

How does the hypothalamus communicate with the anterior pituitary gland

A

Indirectly via capillary beds

35
Q

How does the hypothalamus communicate with the posterior pituitary gland

A

Directly via neurones

36
Q

Which nucleus in the hypothalamus is associated with the anterior pituitary gland

A

Paraventricular nucleus

37
Q

How does the paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus cause the anterior pituitary gland to release hormones

A

1) neurones/parocellular neurosecretory cells from the paraventricular nucleus release hormones called hypophysiotrophic into the capillary bed
2) hormones travel down the capillary bed top the anterior pituitary gland cells
3) anterior pituitary gland cells release their hormones in response

38
Q

Which nucleus in the hypothalamus associates with the posterior pituitary gland

A

Paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic

39
Q

How does the paraventricular and supraoptic nucleus cause the activity in the posterior pituitary gland

A

1) magnocelluar neurosecretory cells from the paraventricular and supra optic nucleus travel down the pituitary stalk
2) axons release ADH and oxytocin into the capillary bed of the posterior pituitary gland
3) oxytocin and ADH are released form the posterior pituitary gland

40
Q

Give 3 examples when the autonomic, endocrine and behavioural function of the hypothalamus becomes integrated

A

Food intake
Temperature control
Reproductive behaviour

41
Q

What does our energy come from

A

Glucose

42
Q

Why does the brain need glucose

A

For neural function

43
Q

As we don’t eat all the time what must their be to have energy

A

Storage system

44
Q

Why do we need the right amount of storage system

A

To prevent
Starvation
Obesity

45
Q

How is the hypothalamus involved in the short term regulation of food intake

A

1) hypothalamus contains receptors for glucose and ghrelin
2) input of info goes in to the mechanoreceptors of gut and glucose receptors in liver to the receptors in the hypothalamus

46
Q

What do we store glucose as in the body

A

Glycogen

Fat

47
Q

In the long term regulation of food intake what can the hypothalamus get its information from

A

Fat stores

48
Q

Which hormone helps to signal information about the fat stores to the hypothalamus

A

Leptin

49
Q

As our fat stores increase what happens to the levels of leptin

A

Increase

50
Q

Describe how leptin signals to the hypothalamus to change feeding behaviour

A

1) leptin acts on the arcuate nucleus in the paraventricular zone
2) arcuate nucleus neurones send axons to lateral hypothalamic area and paraventricular nucleus to become activated
3) para ventricular nucleus controls the autonomic system and sends signal to the pituitary gland to control endocrine activity to suppress food intake
4) the lateral hypothalamic area signals to the cortex to search for food

51
Q

Overall what is the role of the paraventricular nucleus

A

Suppress food intake

52
Q

Overall what is the role of the lateral hypothalamic area

A

Promote food intake

53
Q

How is the hypothalamus involved in temperature control by an integrated response

A

1) ANS controls vasomotor control in skin ie. vasodilation or vasoconstrict
2) endocrine: controls metabolism i.e in cold metabolism increases
3) behavioural i.e you shiver is its cold or move to the shade if it’s hot

54
Q

Describe how the hypothalamus is involved in reproductive behaviour

A

1) ANS controls the activity of the sexual organs
2) endocrine is involved in puberty and menstrual cycle
3) behaviour is involved in the courtship

55
Q

If there is a lesion in the paraventicular nucleus what will is lead to

A

Uncontrolled feeding and obesity

56
Q

If there is a lesion in the lateral hypothalamic area what will it lead to

A

Decreased feeding

BAB (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions