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BAB > L03: Overview Of Ascending And Descending Tracts > Flashcards

L03: Overview Of Ascending And Descending Tracts Flashcards

1
Q

What type of information does ascending tracts carry

A

Sensory information

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2
Q

What are the 2 regions that ascending tracts are separated to

A

Head and neck region

Rest of the body

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3
Q

Which specific nerve is involves in the ascending tract of the head and neck region

A

Trigeminal nerve (CN5)

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4
Q

What are the 2 main sensory organs in the body

A

Skin

Muscles

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5
Q

What is a dermatome

A

A slice of skin whose sensation is conducted by a SINGLE spinal nerve

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6
Q

What does muscles senses

A

Position in 3D i.e propioception

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7
Q

What does general sensory afferent sense

A

Pain and temperature

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8
Q

What does propioceptive afferents detect

A

Propioception

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9
Q

What is the sense organs for propioception

A

Muscle spindles
Golgi tendon organs
Joint receptors

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10
Q

What is a sensory homonculus

A

Represents the emphasises of sensation in the body

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11
Q

Which parts in the sensory homonculus emphasis sensation

A

Hands and head

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12
Q

What does it mean to have a big hand in the sensory homonculus

A

Sensation of the fingers is significant

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of ascending tracts that take sensory information to the brain

A

Dorsal columns
Spinothalamic tract
Dorsal and ventral spinocerebellar tract

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14
Q

What is the 2 tracts that the dorsal column is spit into

A

Fascilus gracilis

Fasiculus cuneatus

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15
Q

Which part of the body does the fasiculus cuneatus carry the sensation of

A

Upper part of the body (above T4)

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16
Q

What part of the body does the fasiculus gracilis carry the sensation of

A

Lower part of the body (below t4)

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17
Q

What are the 2 tracts that the spinothalamic tract split into

A

Anterolateral

Lateral

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18
Q

What is the spinocerebellar tract split into

A

Dorsal spinocerebellar tract

Ventral spinocerebellar tract

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19
Q

What type of sensory information does the lateral/anterolateral spinothalamic tract carry

A

Pain
Temperature
Crude touch (non-discriminative touch i.e you cannot localise where you have been touched)

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20
Q

What type of sensory information does the dorsal column carry

A

Tactile sensation

Propioceptive

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21
Q

What is tactile sensation

A

Very light sensation

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22
Q

What type of sensory information does the dorsal/ventral spinocerebellar tract carry

A

Propioception only

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23
Q

Which 2 ascending tracts take the signal to the brain (primary sensory cortex)

A

Spinothalamic tract

Dorsal column

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24
Q

Which ascending tracts take the signal to the cerebellum

A

Dorsal/ventral spinocerebellar tract

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25
Q

Therefore which ascending tract is involves in conscious sensation

A

Dorsal columns

Spinothalamic tract

26
Q

Which ascending tract is involved in non-conscious sensation

A

Spinocerebellar Tract

27
Q

What is the arrangement of neurones in the dorsal columns and spinothalamic tract

A

1st order neurone
2nd order neurone
3rd order neurone

28
Q

What is similar in the dorsal columns and spinothalamic tract

A

They have 3 neurones involved

29
Q

What is the difference in the tracts of the dorsal column and spinothalamic tract

A

The way they get to the brain

30
Q

Where is the cell body of the 1st order neurone/primary neurone found

A

Dorsal root ganglion

31
Q

Where does the axon of the primary neurone terminate in the spinothalamic tract

A

Dorsal horn of the spinal cord

32
Q

Where does the axon of the primary neurone split

A

Posterolateral tract of lissauer

33
Q

How does the axon of the primary neurone split

A

Same spinal level
One spinal level above
One spinal level below

34
Q

If the tract is a anterolateral spinothalamic tract which happens to the second neurone from the dorsal horn

A

Is passes/decusates under the central canal to cros the controlateral side (opposite side)

35
Q

Where does the second order neurone of the anterolateral spinothalamic tract terminate

A

Ventral posterior lateral nucleus at thalamus

36
Q

Which part of the white matter does the spinothalamic tract ascend in

A

Lateral funiculus

37
Q

If the ascending tract is the dorsal column what happens to the 1st order neurone from the dorsal horn of the spinal cord

A

It ascending on the same side of the spinal cord until the medulla where it terminates to become the second order neurone

38
Q

Where does the second order neurone of the dorsal column begin

A

In the medulla

39
Q

What happens to the second order neurone at the medulla

A

The second order neurone decussates at the medulla to the controlateral side

40
Q

Where does the second order neurone terminate for both the dorsal column and spinothalamic tract

A

Thalamus to become the third order neurone

41
Q

What is syringomyelia

A

Scared tissue in the spinal cord that forms fibrosis and cuts off fibres of the spinothalamic tract

42
Q

What is the brown sequard syndrome

A

Pain of controlateral side if lost

43
Q

Which 2 lobes does the central sulcus separate

A

Frontal lobe

Parietal lobe

44
Q

Which lobe is the sensory cortex in

A

Parietal lobe

45
Q

Which lobe is the motor cortex in

A

Frontal lobe

46
Q

What is the gyrus of the primary motor cortex known as

A

Pre-central gyrus

47
Q

What sit eh gyrus of the sensory cortex known as

A

Post -central gyrus

48
Q

After the ascending tract has fed into the brain how does the brain trigger movement

A

By the descending tract

49
Q

What is the motor homonculus

A

Representation of the muscles where it is big in the head and hands

50
Q

What does the brain command the muscles to do

A

Contact
Or
Rest

51
Q

Which muscle does the right motor cortex control

A

Left muscles of the body

52
Q

Which muscles does the left motor cortex control

A

Right muscles of the body

53
Q

Why does the right motor cortex control the left muscles and vice versa

A

Due to decassation

54
Q

What are the 2 classes of descending tracts

A

1) tracts that have cell body at primary motor cortex

2) tract that starts at the brain stem

55
Q

What are the effector organs of the descending tract

A

Skeletal muscle

56
Q

What are the neurones that innervate the skeletal muscle called

A

Moto neurones

57
Q

What are the 2 categories of motor neurones

A

Motor neurone that has cell body in brain = upper motor neurone
Motor neurone that has cell body in the spinal cord= lower motor neurone

58
Q

What does the axon to the upper motorneurones travel as

A

Descending tracts

59
Q

What does the axon of the lower motor neurone travel as

A

Motor efferent

60
Q

What is the location of the descending tracts in the spinal cord

A

Lateral funicilus

Anterior

BAB (21 decks)

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