Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy 2 > knee-foot > Flashcards

knee-foot Flashcards

exam 2

1
Q

muscles

name the muscles involved

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

joints - all the details

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ligaments

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ligaments

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

joints of lower limb: knee

what bones create the ankle joint -talocural

A

tibia, fibula, talus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

knee joint

what 3 stabilities is the knee joint made for?

A
  • bony stability
  • muscualr stability
  • ligamentous stability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the 3 bones participating in the knee?

A
  • femur
  • tibia
  • patella

only 2 of these are bones technically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how many points of articulation are in the knee? what are they?

A

3 points of articulation
- femur and tibia (medial/lateral) condyles
- femur (patellar surface)
- patella (medial/lateral articular surfaces)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

osteology

what shape is the patella?
what kind of bone is the patella?
what is the patella an important insertion point for?

A
  • relatively heart shaped
  • sesamoid bone
  • importatn insertion for ligaments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

soft tissue also supports the knee - what 2 types of ligaments?

A
  • intra-articular
  • extra-capsular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the primary action of patella?

A

flexion/extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

how many facets of patella? how many are paired? how many are singular?

A

7 facets (relative to action)
- 6 paired facets (medial/lateral)
- 1 unpaired (mostly medial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where is the Q angle drawn between?

A

drawn between os coxa (ASIS) and mid patella
tibia (tibial tuberosity) and mid patella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the three major joints of the lower limb?

A

Knee, Hip, Ankle (Talocrural)

The knee involves the patella, unlike the upper limb joints.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What bones make up the knee joint?

A

Femur, Tibia, Patella

The points of articulation are medial/lateral femorotibial and femoropatellar.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the primary function of the knee joint?

A

Stability and mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What types of stability does the knee joint have?

A
  • Bony Stability
  • Muscular Stability
  • Ligamentous Stability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the screw-home mechanism in the knee?

A

The knee locks in position as the size of the femoral condyles relative to the tibial plateau causes medial condyle to move further than the lateral condyle during full extension.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are the primary actions of the knee joint?

A

Flexion & Extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

True or False: The knee joint is classified as a hinge joint.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the two types of ligaments in the knee joint?

A
  • Intra-articular
  • Extra-capsular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the role of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)?

A

Limits posterior rolling of femoral condyles on tibia during flexion and prevents posterior displacement of femur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the role of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)?

A

Limits anterior rolling and prevents anterior displacement of femur and hyperflexion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the Q-angle?

A

Measurement between ASIS to mid-patella & mid-patella to tibial tuberosity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the function of the menisci in the knee?

A

Shock absorption and covering articular surfaces of the tibia.

36
Q

What are the two types of menisci?

A
  • Medial Meniscus
  • Lateral Meniscus
37
Q

What is the role of bursae in the knee?

A

Reduce friction and allow easy movement.

38
Q

Fill in the blank: The lateral collateral ligament (LCL) connects the femur to the _______.

A

Fibula

39
Q

Which ligament is attached to the medial meniscus?

A

Tibial collateral ligament (MCL)

40
Q

What is the primary arterial supply to the knee joint?

A

Genicular branches of the femoral and popliteal arteries.

41
Q

What are the main movements at the talocrural joint?

A
  • Dorsiflexion
  • Plantarflexion
  • Weak inversion/eversion
42
Q

What are the components of the talocrural joint?

A

Distal tibia, distal fibula, superior talus

43
Q

What ligaments reinforce the talocrural joint?

A
  • Lateral ligaments
  • Medial ligaments (Deltoid ligament)
44
Q

What is the purpose of the deltoid ligament?

A

Resist eversion and stabilize the joint.

45
Q

What is the anatomical definition of the subtalar joint?

A

Synovial joint between convex (talus) and concave (calcaneus) articular surfaces.

46
Q

Which muscle helps unlock the extended knee?

A

Popliteus

47
Q

What is the classification of the distal tibiofibular joint?

A

Fibrous joint (syndesmosis)

48
Q

True or False: The medial meniscus is more mobile than the lateral meniscus.

A

False

49
Q

What is the shape of the medial meniscus?

A

C-shaped

50
Q

What is the clinical significance of the Q-angle?

A

Used to determine abnormalities like genu varum and genu valgum.

51
Q

What type of joint is the superior tibiofibular joint?

A

Synovial joint

52
Q

What are the three facets of the subtalar joint?

A
  • Anterior
  • Middle
  • Posterior
53
Q

What is the anatomical classification of the talocalcaneal part of the talocalcaneonavicular joint?

A

Plane joint

This joint allows for inversion and eversion of the foot around a longitudinal (oblique) axis.

54
Q

What movements does the transverse tarsal joint allow?

A

Inversion, eversion, ABDuction, ADDuction

The transverse tarsal joint separates the hindfoot from the midfoot.

55
Q

What are the three facets of the calcaneus?

A

Anterior, middle, posterior

These facets articulate with the talus and contribute to the joint’s function.

56
Q

What ligaments support the capsule of the talocalcaneal joint?

A

Medial, lateral, posterior ligaments, interosseous ligament

The interosseous ligament is located in the tarsal sinus (sinus tarsi).

57
Q

What is the innervation of the talocalcaneal joint?

A

Plantar nn., Deep fibular n.

This innervation reflects the plantar versus dorsal aspects of the foot.

58
Q

What is the arterial supply for the talocalcaneal joint?

A

Posterior tibial & fibular aa.

These arteries provide blood supply to the region.

59
Q

What type of joint is the talonavicular joint?

A

Ball and socket (partial)

This joint allows for gliding and rotary movements.

60
Q

What joints comprise the transverse tarsal joint?

A

Talonavicular joint, Calcaneocuboid joint

These two joints work together as a compound joint.

61
Q

What is the clinical significance of the transverse tarsal joint?

A

Amputation of foot happens along the transverse tarsal joint

This indicates the importance of this joint in surgical procedures.

62
Q

What is the functional classification of the calcaneocuboid joint?

A

Plane joint

It allows for inversion, eversion, and circumduction of the foot.

63
Q

What is the movement associated with the cuneonavicular joint?

A

Little/no movement

This joint connects the cuneiforms and navicular.

64
Q

What type of joint is the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint?

A

Condyloid joint

It allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction.

65
Q

What is the main movement facilitated by interphalangeal (IP) joints?

A

Flexion, extension of digits

These joints are hinge joints located between the phalanges.

66
Q

What is the arterial supply for the interphalangeal joints?

A

Plantar arch

This supply is crucial for the function of the digits.

67
Q

What is the shared innervation for MTP and IP joints?

A

Digital nn.

This reflects the nerve supply to the toes.

68
Q

What is the unique feature of the intermetatarsal (IM) joint?

A

Little/no movement

This joint connects the metatarsal heads and is classified as a condyloid joint.

69
Q

What is the arterial supply for the tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint?

A

Shared with Intertarsal joints

This reflects the interconnected blood supply of the joints in the foot.

70
Q

innervation

list some innervations of the knee joint

A
71
Q

what ligaments are considered intra-articular

A

cruciate (ACL, PCL)

72
Q

what ligaments are considered extra-capsular

A

patellar, medial/lateral patellar retinacula, collateral ligaments (LCL/FCL, MCL/TCL, plbique, arcuate)

73
Q

what ligament is considered relatively weak and has poor blood supply?

A

anterior cruciate ligament

74
Q

what injury can occur to the PCL that we did not cover in class but is important to familiarize with?

A

dashboard injury

the knee is bend and forcefully hit by an object - such as a dashboard in a car crash

75
Q

the collateral ligaments are tense during what motion? and slack during what motion?

A

tense during knee extension
slack during flexion

76
Q

what muscle is split by the FCL?

A

biceps femoris

fcl = fibular collateral ligament

77
Q

when the medial meniscus is torn what ligament can also get damaged?

A

tibial collateral ligametn (TCL) or medial collateral ligmament (MCL)

78
Q

what ligament strengths the joint capsule of the knee?

A

arcuate popliteal ligament

  • fibula (head, posterior) over tendon of popliteus m. across posterior aspect
79
Q

what is the anterior component of the menisci called?

A

horn

80
Q

what is the clinical use of Q angle?

A

used to determine abnormalities
- genu varum (bowlegged-ness) Q angle is smaller than normal
- genu valgum (knock-kneed). Q-angle is larger than normal

81
Q

what is the Q angle of female? for male?

A

female: closer to 16°
male: closer to 11°

82
Q

genu varum (bowlegged) stresses what ligament?

A

fibular collateral (FCL)

83
Q

genu valgum (knock-kneed) stresses what ligament

A

tibial collateral ligament (TCL)

84
Q

what are the 8 bursae of the knee joint?

A
  • suprapatellar burse
  • popliteus brusa
  • anserine bursa
  • gastrocnemius bursa
  • semimembranosus bura
  • subcutaneous prepatellar bursa
  • subcutaneous infrapatellar bursa
  • deep infrapatellar bursa
85
Q

what is the purpose of the medial ligaments/deltoid ligament?

A

resist eversion
- strong stabilizer of joint, helps minimize dislocation

86
Q

what is the anatomical and clinical definition of the subtalar joint?

A

anatomical: synovial joint between convex (talus) and concave (calcaneus) rticular sufaces

clinical: anatomical joint and talocalcaneal parto f talocalcaneonavicular joint

87
Q

what kind of joint is the tarsometatarsal (TMT)?

A

plane joint gliding

Anatomy 2 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions