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Anatomy 2 > foot ankle > Flashcards

foot ankle Flashcards

exam 2 (40 cards)

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1
Q

what muscle helps maintain the shape of the foot by pulling on both longitudinal and transverse arch of the foot

A

adductor hallucis

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2
Q

What is the primary function of the foot?

A

Locomotion (primarily propulsion) and accommodation (shock absorption)

Accommodation is largely blunted with footwear.

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3
Q

How many bones and joints are in the foot?

A

26 bones and 30+ joints

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4
Q

What are the three portions of the foot?

A
  1. Hindfoot
  2. Midfoot
  3. Forefoot
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5
Q

Name the biggest joints of the foot.

A
  1. Talocrural
  2. Subtalar
  3. Transverse Tarsal
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6
Q

What is the purpose of the arches of the foot?

A

Support weight distribution between weight-bearing portions of the foot

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7
Q

What are the three arches of the foot?

A
  1. Medial longitudinal arch
  2. Lateral longitudinal arch
  3. Transverse arch
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8
Q

What type of support do the arches of the foot have?

A

Dynamic and passive support

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9
Q

What is the role of the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament?

A

Brace talus, assist in weight transfer, maintain longitudinal arch of foot

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10
Q

What are the major ligaments of the foot?

A
  1. Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
  2. Long plantar ligament
  3. Plantar calcaneocuboid ligament
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11
Q

What are the two groups of muscles in the foot?

A
  1. Muscles of the sole (plantar surface)
  2. Muscles of the dorsum (dorsal surface)
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12
Q

What is the innervation of the muscles on the sole of the foot?

A

Plantar nerves

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13
Q

What is the innervation of the muscles on the dorsum of the foot?

A

Deep fibular nerve

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14
Q

How many layers are there in the muscles of the sole?

A

4 layers

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15
Q

What is the action of the abductor hallucis muscle?

A

Abduction of digit 1/hallux at MTP & IP joints

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The big toe is also known as the _______.

A

HALLUX

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17
Q

What are the two types of arch support?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Dynamic support
  2. Passive support
18
Q

What is the clinical condition characterized by inflammation of the plantar fascia?

Study These Flashcards
A

Plantar fasciitis

19
Q

What is the primary arterial supply to the foot?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Dorsalis pedis
  2. Medial plantar artery
  3. Lateral plantar artery
20
Q

What are the nerve innervations of the dorsal surface of the foot?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Saphenous
  2. Superficial & Deep fibular nerves
  3. Sural nerve
21
Q

What are the five compartments of the foot?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Medial compartment
  2. Central compartment
  3. Lateral compartment
  4. Interosseous compartment
  5. Dorsal compartment
22
Q

What is the function of the quadratus plantae muscle?

Study These Flashcards
A

Assists flexor digitorum longus muscle in flexion of digits 2-5

23
Q

True or False: The lateral longitudinal arch is higher than the medial longitudinal arch.

24
Q

What is the action of the plantar interossei muscles?

Study These Flashcards
A

Adduction & flexion of digits 3-5 at MTP joints

25
What is the origin of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle?
Calcaneus (floor of Sinus tali), interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, & extensor retinaculum
26
What is the innervation of the flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle?
Lateral plantar nerve (superficial branch) (S1-S3)
27
What are the actions of the dorsal interossei muscles?
Abduction and flexion of digits 2-4 at MTP joints
28
What do the dorsal metatarsal arteries connect to?
Plantar arch
29
How many dorsal digital arteries does each branch of the dorsal metatarsal arteries divide into?
2
30
What is the dorsal plantar artery a branch of?
Posterior tibial artery
31
Where does the dorsal plantar artery travel?
Deep to tarsal tunnel
32
What are the branches of the dorsal plantar artery?
* Medial plantar artery * Lateral plantar artery
33
How does the medial plantar artery compare in size?
Comparatively small
34
What does the medial plantar artery supply?
Muscles of hallux
35
What structure does the medial plantar artery sometimes form?
Superficial plantar arch
36
With which nerve does the lateral plantar artery travel?
Deep plantar nerve
37
In which direction does the lateral plantar artery run?
Lateral to medial
38
What does the lateral plantar artery form?
Deep plantar arch
39
How many plantar metatarsal arteries does the lateral plantar artery have?
4
40
What do each branch of the plantar metatarsal arteries divide into?
Plantar digital arteries

Anatomy 2 (16 decks)

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