Kinetics Flashcards
What are the two factors that make a successful collision?
Orientation
Kinetic energy
What is activation energy?
The minimum amount of energy required for a successful collision
Define rate of reaction
The amount of product that is made in a reaction in a specified time period.
How does temperature affect rate of reaction?
Increasing temperature, increases kinetic energy and means more particles will have the activation energy. This means that more collisions will occur increasing the react of reaction.
How does concentration affect rate of reaction?
Increasing concentration means more particles in the same volume which increases the frequency of collisions. This increases the rate of reaction.
How does pressure affect rate of reaction?
Increasing the pressure increases the frequency of collisions which increases the rate of reaction.
How does surface area affect rate of reaction?
Increasing surface area increase frequency of collisions which increases the rate of reaction
What is a catalyst?
It increases the rate of reaction without being used up
What is a heterogeneous catalyst?
When a catalyst is in a different phase to the reactants.
Eg reactants are aq but catalyst is solid
What is a homogeneous catalyst?
When the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant.
Eg. Catalyst is aq and reactant are aq
How does heterogeneous catalysts work?
The reaction takes place on the surface of the catalyst.
Molecules of reactants attach to the active site on the surface of the catalyst. This is known as adsorption.
The product then detach from the catalyst in a process called desorption.
How does a homogenous catalyst work?
provides an alternative route that has a lower activation energy.
what does a maxwell- Boltzmann curve show?
shows the distribution of the energies of all particles in a sample of gas.
why does the curve always start from the origin?
as all particles have some kinetic energy
what is the most probable energy?
the energy that a randomly selected particles is likely to have. (middle of the peak)
