Inorganic

Question 1

What is a catalyst?

Answer 1

A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being used up in a reaction this is done by reducing the activation energy.

Question 2

What is a heterogeneous catalystv

Answer 2

In different phase than the reactants

Question 3

How can you make heterogeneous catalyst more efficient?

Answer 3

Increase the surface area- the larger the area the better the efficiency.

Spread the catalyst onto an inert support medium increasing the surface-mass ratio.

Question 4

What is catalyst poisoning?

Answer 4

The surface gets covered with unwanted impurities so it cannot be used properly and efficiently.

Question 5

Haber process:

Answer 5

N2+ 3H2–> 2NH3

Question 6

Haber process:

Answer 6

N2+ 3H2–> 2NH3

Question 7

What is the catalyst for haber process:

Answer 7

Iron catalyst( heterogeneous catalyst)

Question 8

The contact process produces what?

Answer 8

Sulfuric acid

Question 9

Overall equation of contact process:

Answer 9

2SO2+ O2–> 2SO3

Question 10

Contact process two step

Answer 10

SO2+V2O5—>SO3+V2O4
2V2O4+O2–>2V2O5

Question 11

What is a homogeneous catalyst?

Answer 11

Same phase as reactants- intermediate species are formed.

Question 12

What is an autocatalyst?

Answer 12

One of the products of the reaction is an catalyst for the reaction.

Question 13

Transition metal

Answer 13

Forms at least one stable ion with a part full d shell of electrons.

Question 14

One feature of transition metals

Answer 14

Variable oxidation states:
Have more then one oxidation state.

Question 15

2 feature of transition metals:

Answer 15

Majority of transition metals are coloured.

Question 16

3 feature of transition metals

Answer 16

Most are catalysts

Question 17

4 feature of transition metals

Answer 17

Form complex ions

Question 18

How are complex ions formed?

Answer 18

A transition metal is surrounded by ions called ligands which are bonded to it by co- ordinate bonding.

Question 19

What is a ligand?

Answer 19

When a ion or molecule forms a lone pair of electrons that forms a coordinate bond with transition metals.

Question 20

What do ions with 6 co ordination number form!

Answer 20

Octahedral

Question 21

Ions with 4 co ordinate bonds form?

Answer 21

Tetrahedrals

Question 22

Aqua ions?

Answer 22

Dissolve a salt of a transition metal in water they make aqua ions

Question 23

What is a chelate?

Answer 23

Remove d block metal ions from a solution

Question 24

Chelate effect

Answer 24

The increase in the number of particles causes increase in entropy so polydentate ligands are favoured.

Question 25

Why do chloride ion have less ligands

Answer 25

They are bugger ligands so can only fit 4 around a metal ion

Question 26

Example of square planar geometry

Answer 26

Tollens reagent

Question 27

When does geometrical isomerism occur?

Answer 27

Octeahedral and square planar

Question 28

Why are transition metals coloured?

Answer 28

They have a part filled d orbital so electrons can over from one orbital to another.

Question 29

So how are they coloured

Answer 29

When they over to a hugher energy level they absorb energy and the energy not absorbed it shown

Question 30

Colorimetry

Answer 30

Light source and a detector:

Measure rhe amount if light if a parricular wavelnegth that passes through. The more concentrated the solution the less light transmitted.

Question 31

Fe(H2O)6 2+

Answer 31

Green

Question 32

Fe(H2O)6 3+

Answer 32

Pale brown

Question 33

Cr with water 2+

Answer 33

Blue

Question 34

Cr with water 3+

Answer 34

Red/ violet

Question 35

Cobalt with ammonia 2+

Answer 35

Brown

Question 36

Cobalt with ammonia 3 +

Answer 36

Yellow

Question 37

Why are 3+ more stronger acids?

Answer 37

As they have a higher charge and smaller mass so it is more polarising so more OH bonds break