Halogoalkanes Flashcards
Are halogenoalkanes polar or no polar?
Polar as carbon-halogen bonds tend to be electronegative.
what is the general formula of halogoalkanes?
C2H2n+1X
What forces do halogenoalkanes experience?
Dipole-dipole forces due to them being polar and
Van der waals forces
As the length of the carbon chain increases, the strength of the van der waal forces______.
Increases
Longer chained halogenoalkanes have ____ melting points?
Higher
As the length of the carbon chains increase, the solubility of the halogenoalkanes ___.
Decreases
why does solubility of a halogoalkane decrease as chain size increases?
as there are more C-H bonds which are non polar compared to polar bonds making it overall non polar
Halogenoalkanes react with aqueous NaOH/KOH to form what?
Alcohols
What are conditions required for halogenoalkanes to turn into alcohol
NaOH/KOH aqueous
Heat
Halogenoalkanes react with NaCN/KCN to form what?
Nitriles
What are the conditions required to form a nitrile?
NaCN/KCN dissolved in ethanol
Heat
Halogenoalkanes react with NH3 to form what?
Primary amine
What conditions are required to form the primary amine?
Excess ammonia
Heating under pressure
The lower the bond enthalpy the ____ the rate of reaction is.
Faster
Why does lower bond enthalpy lead to a faster rate of reaction?
As lower activation energy is required
