Acids and base Flashcards
HCl
Acid
H2SO4
Acid
HNO3
Acid
CH3COOH
acid
KOH
Base
NaOH
Base
Ba(OH)2
Base
What is the general equation for a neutralisation reaction?
Acid+ base —>salt + water
When an acid + metal react what do they form?
Salt+ hydrogen
When an acid and metal oxide react what do they form?
Salt + water
When an acid and metal carbonate react, what do they form?
Salt + carbon dioxide + water
What is the Arrhenius model?
Acids and bases are defined based on how they dissolve in water.
Arrhenius acids?
Dissociate to give
H+ ions
Arrhenius bases?
Dissociate to give
OH- ions
What is the brondsted Lowry model?
Acids and bases are defined based on how they react
Bronsted Lowry acid?
Proton donator
Bronsted Lowry base?
Proton acceptor
Define acidity?
Concentration of H+ ions
How do you find pH?
pH= -log10[H+]
How do you find concentration of H+ ions form pH?
[H+]=10^-pH
What does water dissociate into?
H2O=H+ + OH-
What is the equilibrium constant for water dissociation?
Kw
(Ionic product of water)
What unit does Kw have?
Mol2 dm-6
How does temperature affect pH?
The ionisation of water is endothermic. So increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the right. This increases the concentration of H+ ions and so decreases the pH.