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[MT 6314] - 1st Shifting > Kinetics 11.5 - 14.5 > Flashcards

Kinetics 11.5 - 14.5 Flashcards

1
Q

TIME COURSE OF DRUG EFFECTS

Effect is not linearly proportional to the concentration.

A

IMMEDIATE EFFECT

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2
Q

TIME COURSE OF DRUG EFFECTS

Due to distributional delay

Changes in drug effects are often delayed in relation
to changes in plasma concentration

A

DELAYED EFFECT

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3
Q

TIME COURSE OF DRUG EFFECTS

Directly related to concentration

Because the relationship between drug concentration and effect is not linear the effect will not be linearly
proportional to the concentration

A

IMMEDIATE EFFECT

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4
Q

TIME COURSE OF DRUG EFFECTS

Delayed expression of the physiologic substance
needed for the effect

A common reason for more delayed drug
effects—especially those that take many hours or
even days to occur—is the slow turnover of a
physiologic substance that is involved in the
expression of the drug effect

A

DELAYED EFFECT

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5
Q

TIME COURSE OF DRUG EFFECTS

Constant infusion

A

CUMULATIVE EFFECTS

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6
Q

TIME COURSE OF DRUG EFFECTS

Aminoglycosides causes renal toxicity if given constantly

The effect of many drugs used to treat cancer also
reflects a cumulative action—eg, the extent of
binding of a drug to DNA is proportional to drug
concentration and is usually irreversible.

A

CUMULATIVE EFFECTS

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7
Q

TIME COURSE OF DRUG EFFECTS

Intermittent dosing only

A

CUMULATIVE EFFECTS

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8
Q

Plan for drug administration over a period of time

A

DOSING REGIMEN

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9
Q

Achievement of therapeutic levels of the drug in the body without exceeding the minimum toxic concentration

A

DOSING REGIMEN

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10
Q

Goal is to achieve therapeutic levels: maximal effect,
least

A

DOSING REGIMEN

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11
Q

DOSING REGIMEN

Based on therapeutic window

A

Toxicities

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12
Q

DOSING REGIMEN

to maintain plasma
concentration over periods of time

A

Maintenance Doses

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13
Q

DOSING REGIMEN

to achieve target plasma level rapidly

A

Loading Dose

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14
Q

is based on the assumption that there is a target concentration that will produce the desired therapeutic effect.

By considering the pharmacokinetic factors that
determine the dose-concentration relationship, it is
possible to individualize the dose regimen to
achieve the target concentration.”

A

rational dosage regimen

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15
Q

a poisonous compound present
in the foxglove and other plants

A

digoxin

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16
Q

Desired therapeutic effects are produced

In the achievement of this therapeutic levels the
drug without causing adverse reactions

A

TARGET CONCENTRATION

16
Q

It is a steroid glycoside and is used in small
doses as a cardiac stimulant

A

digoxin

17
Q

is the concentration that
reflects a balance between the beneficial and
adverse effects. ”

A

TARGET CONCENTRATION

18
Q

Doses per day is determined by:
○ Half life
○ Therapeutic window

Maintenance/Loading

A

MAINTENANCE DOSAGE

19
Q

Maintain a concentration higher than minimum therapeutic level at all times

Maintenance/Loading

A

MAINTENANCE DOSAGE

20
Q

Dose needed to maintain a steady state of concentration

Maintenance/Loading

A

MAINTENANCE DOSAGE

21
Q

Maintain plasma concentration within a specified range over long periods of therapy

Maintenance/Loading

A

MAINTENANCE DOSAGE

22
Q

Enough drugs to replace eliminated drugs

Maintenance/Loading

A

MAINTENANCE DOSAGE

23
Q

is the most important parameter defining rational drug dosage

A

Clearance

24
Q

is the most important pharmacokinetic
parameter to be considered in defining a rational steady-state drug dosage regimen

A

Clearance

24
Q

is large, the dose should be given
slowly to prevent toxicity due to excessively high plasma levels during the distribution phase.

Maintenance/Loading

A

Loading Dosage

25
Q

For drugs with long half-lives and longer time to
reach a steady state

Maintenance/Loading

A

Loading Dosage

26
Q

Given to promptly raise the concentration of the drug to the target concentration

Maintenance/Loading

A

LOADING DOSAGE

27
Q

LOADING DOSAGE

T/F: If the therapeutic concentration must be achieved rapidly and the volume of distribution is large, a large loading dose maybe needed at the onset of therapy

A

True

28
Q

It takes how many half lives to reach a the steady state

For example your drug needs a 12 hour half
life it means that you will need to wait 48 hours for it to reach the steady. So hindi ka pwede magantay ng mahabng oras, for example infection, bacteria in just a few hours will already multiply, if you will wait 24-48 hours maybe the immune system of the patient will already
succumb.
● That’s why loading dose are given to increase and
raise the concentration to the target effector levels.
Here what is important in the primary parameter
would be the volume of distribution of your drug.

A

4

29
Q

THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING

PHARMACOKINETIC VARIABLES (4)

A
  1. ABSORPTION
  2. CLEARANCE
  3. VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION
  4. HALF LIFE

[MT 6314] - 1st Shifting (23 decks)

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