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UNI > Kinesiology - spine and posture (CHECK) > Flashcards

Kinesiology - spine and posture (CHECK) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 sections of the spine called?

A
  • cervical
  • thoracic
  • lumbar
  • sacrum
  • coccyx
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2
Q

How many total vertebrae do we have in the spine?

A

33

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3
Q

How many vertebrae do we have in the cervical region?

A

7

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4
Q

How many vertebrae do we have in the thoracic region?

A

12

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5
Q

How many vertebrae do we have in the lumbar region?

A

5

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6
Q

How many vertebrae do we have in the sacrum region?

A

5

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7
Q

How many vertebrae do we have in the coccyx region?

A

4

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8
Q

Which 2 regions of the spine are fused together?

A

sacrum and coccyx

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9
Q

Which is the most superior spinal region?

A

cervical

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10
Q

Which 3 spinal regions generate movement?

A
  • cervical
  • thoracic
  • lumbar
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11
Q

Which 2 spinal regions generate the most movement?

A
  • cervical
  • thoracic
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12
Q

What are the 4 joints in the spine?

A
  • intervertebral
  • atlanto-occipital
  • atlanto-axial
  • sacroiliac joint(s) - there is 2
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13
Q

What is the atlanto-occipital joint between?

A

atlas (C1) and the skull

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14
Q

What is the atlanto-axial joint between?

A

the atlas and the axis (C2)

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15
Q

What part of the vertebrae does the spinal cord run through?

A

vertebral foramen

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16
Q

Where is the spinous process located on the vertebrae?

A

posterior of each vertebrae

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17
Q

What is the main roles of the vertebral body?

A
  • shock absorption
  • weight bearing
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18
Q

What does the transverse processes of the vertebrae protect?

A

nerve branches of the spinal cord at each at each vertebrae

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19
Q

What is the role of the lamina?

A

protection of the spinal cord

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20
Q

What is within the bone structure of an intervertebral joint ?

A
  • pedicle
  • superior articular process
  • intervertebral disc
  • vertebral body
  • inferior articular facet
  • inferior articular process
  • transverse process
  • spinous processes
  • lamina
  • intervertabral foramen
21
Q

What is the role of the intervertebral disc?

A

dissipate force

22
Q

Does the intervertebral discs get bigger or smaller as you go down the spine?

A

bigger

23
Q

How many pairs of ribs do we have?

A

12

24
Q

What does the rib cage protect?

A
  • heart
  • lungs
25
Q

What are the 4 movements of the spine?

A
  • lumbar flexion
  • lumbar extension
  • lumbar lateral flexion to the right
  • lumbar rotation to the right
26
Q

What are the 2 main posterior muscles in the spine?

A
  • erector spinae
  • quadratus lumborum
27
Q

What is the origin of the quadratus lumborum?

A

posterior iliac crest

28
Q

What is the insertion of the quadratus lumborum?

A

12th rib and transverse process of L1-L4

29
Q

What region is the quadratus lumborum located in the spine?

A

lumbar

30
Q

Where in the spine is the erector spinae located?

A

runs up the back from the ischium to cervical vertebrae

31
Q

What are the anterior muscles in the spine?

A
  • rectus abdominus
  • external obliques
  • internal obliques
  • transverse abdominis
32
Q

What is the origin of the external obliques?

A
  • lower 8 ribs (laterally)
  • dovetails with serratus anterior
33
Q

What is the insertion of the external obliques?

A
  • anterior iliac crest
  • pubis
  • inguinal ligament
34
Q

What is the origin of the internal obliques?

A
  • upper inguinal ligament
  • anterior ilium
35
Q

What is the insertion of the internal obliques?

A
  • cartilage of ribs 8, 9, 10
  • linea alba
36
Q

Where is the transverse abdominis located?

A
  • front of stomach
37
Q

What is the roles of the transverse abdominis?

A
  • stability
  • breathing - pulls abdominis wall inwards
38
Q

List the muscles in the spine that carry out lumbar lateral flexion

A
  • erector spinae
  • quadratus lumborum
  • external obliques
  • internal obliques
  • rectus abdominus
39
Q

What does ipsilateral mean?

A

means that the muscles are on the same side

40
Q

List the muscles involved in lumbar rotation

A
  • external obliques
  • internal obliques
  • rectus abdominus (each side)
  • erector spinae (each side)
41
Q

Which muscles in lumbar rotation are ipsilateral?

A
  • internal obliques
  • rectus abdominus
  • erector spinae
42
Q

Which muscle in lumbar rotation is contralateral?

A

external obliques

43
Q

What muscles are used in lumbar rotation to the left?

A
  • left internal oblique (ipsilateral)
  • right external oblique (contralateral)
44
Q

What muscles are used in lumbar rotation to the right?

A
  • right internal oblique (ipsilateral)
  • left external oblique (contralateral)
45
Q

What is the injury prolapsed intervertebral disc (PID) more commonly known as?

A

slipped disc

46
Q

What is the mechanism of PID

A
  • age
  • degeneration of the intervertebral disc
  • incorrect posture
47
Q

What is the management of PID

A
  • RICE
  • NSAIDs
  • surgery
  • steroid injection
48
Q

What is the presentation of PID

A
  • pain and stiffness
  • sciatica - located in D3-D5
  • gradual loss of function a few hours after jarring your back
49
Q

What is the complications of PID

A
  • long term reduction of mobility + function
  • surgery more often than not is needed

UNI (18 decks)

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