Growth and development - strength development Flashcards
Define concentric muscle contractions
shortens while developing tension
Define eccentric muscle contractions
lengthens while developing tension
Define isometric muscle contractions
no change in length while developing tension
Define isokinetic muscle contractions
shortens at constant velocity while developing tension
Define isotonic muscle contractions
constant resistance through range of motion
Which out of pennate and parallel muscles are stronger?
pennate - generate more tension
Define strength
the maximal force or torque that can be developed by muscles performing a particular joint movement
Define muscular endurance
the ability of a muscle or a muscle group to perform repeated contractions against a light load for an extended period of time
What is resistance training?
refers to a specialised method of conditioning whereby an individual is working against a wide range of resistive loads to enhance health, fitness and performance
What are the 4 ways to measure strength?
- muscle cross sectional area
- ability to recruit motor units
- neuro-muscular coordination/skill
- pennation angle of the muscle
What are the benefits of resistance training on the growing skeleton?
- build bone mass
- enhance bone structure
- optimise bone mineral accural
Do children have a lower risk or higher risk of injury related to resistance training?
lower risk
Does strength training cause injuries?
no
- right technique is required = slow progressions
What are the resistance training guidlines?
- movement skills first
- it is vital that technical competency is prioritised at all times
- use child size equipment
- only incorporate free weights when bodyweight technique has been mastered
Do children need more or less rest than adults?
less
Is it appropriate for children and adolescents to undertake resistance/strength training?
yes
- there are a number of potential health and performance benefits
Is resistance/strength training safe in children and adolescents?
yes
- potential benefits outweigh the risks
Are children and adolescents likely to improve ‘strength’ as a result of resistance/strength training?
yes
- the mechanistic explanation may be ‘neurological’
