Kinesiology Exam 3 Flashcards
4 bones of hip
ilium, ischium, pubis, femur
what are the 3 bones of pelvic girdle
ilium, ischium, pubis
ilium def
upper 2/5, most superior part of pelvic girdle
ischium def
most inferior, lower 2/5 of pelvic girdle
pubis def
most anterior part of pelvic girdle
what makes up the ball and socket joint of the hip
head of femur and acetabulum
what is illiac crest
top of pelvis @ beltline
ASIS def
part of the pelvic girdle, anterior PSIS
PSIS articulates with
sacrum and ishial tuberosity
what is obterator foramen
passage for hip rotators
what does hip move aka what do hip muscles all do
move femur
is greater trochanter of hip medial or lateral
lateral
is lesser trochanter medial or lateral
medial
what kind of joint is symphysis pubis
amphiarthrosis
what kind of joint is sacroiliac
not true gliding
what kind of joint is acetabular femoral joint
ball and socket
does it matter if the leg is flexed or extended for movements of hip
no, b/c the hip joint moves the femur. if lower parts of the lower extremities move it doesn’t entirely depend on the movement of the hip
what muscle originates at vertebral column
iliopsoas
why do we bend our knees to workout abs
so iliopsoas muscle isn’t being used
how many muscles make up iliopsoas
3 muscles, but can’t isolate them
what are the 3 prime movers for hip flexion
iliopsoas, rectus femoris, sartorius
what is the only anteriomedial muscle of the hip joint
pectineus
what does the pectinus do
adduction and flexion of hip
what muscle is usually injured for groin strain
pectineus
where does sartorius originate
ASIS
where does sartorius cross
at knee by the medial tibia
what movements do sartorius do
flexion hip, extension knee, external rotation thigh (grandpa sit)
what movements does rectus femoris do
extend knee and flex hip
what are 4 medial adductor muscles of hip
adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus, gracilis
what medial hip muscle does knee flexion
gracilis
where does gracilis cross
knee
when the leg is extended and adducting what medial hip muscles are working`
all adductors: adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus, gracilis
what is the largest medial hip muscle
adductor magnus
what is the smallest medial hip muscle
adductor brevis
when the leg is bent and adducting what muscle is being used
gracilis
4 posterior hip muscles
gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus
3 lateral hip muscles
tensor fascia latae, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus
what is most superficial posterior hip muscle
gluteus maximus
what is considered the true hip extensor
gluteus maximus
what are lateral hip muscles that are prime movers in internal rotation
gluteus minimus, medius
what muscle inserts in IT band
tensor fascia latae
what lateral abductor also does flexion of hip
tensor fascia lata
compare gluteus medius and gluteus minimus
minimus is deeper and shorter
what are the 3 hamstring muscles
biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semiteninosus
where does biceps femoris insert
fibula
what are 6 lateral/external rotators
piriformis, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, obturator internus, obturator externus, quadratus femoris
what is piriformis known for
sciatic nerve pain
do therapists distinguish b/w gluteus medius and minimus
no
what motions does hip joint do
adduction, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation, flexion, extension
what kind of joint is symphysis pubis
amphiarthrotic
what joint is on sacrum
sacroiliac joint
what are biarticular muscles of hip joint
sartorius, rectus femoris, bicep femoris, tensor fascia lata
what are the 4 bones of knee joint
femur, patella, fibula, tibia
what do anterior knee muscles do
quad= extension
what do posterior knee muscles do
hamstring= flexion
what do condyles of femur make contact with
tibia
what kind of bone is patella
sesamoid= acts as fulcrum
what are the borders of patella
inferior, superior, medial, lateral
where do quads attach
patella at medial and lateral condyles
parts of fibula
head and malleolus
what does tibial tuberosity do
anterior part, sticks out and can feel during palpation
gerdy’s tubercle
center of tibia, insertion of IT band
what are tibial condyles/plateau
flat where tibia meets femur and knee joint
patellar femoral joint
medial and lateral, flat where tibia meets femur and knee joint
what type of joint is patella femoral
gliding
what kind of joint is knee joint of femoral condyles w/ tibial condyles (tibiafemoral)
hinge
where do all hamstrings cross
at hip
what is the lateral malleolus
most distally extending projection
what is the medial malleolus
widest part of ankle, rounded projection on tibia
what are the 5 tarsal bones
talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid
what type of joint is tibiofibular
syndesmosis, amphiarthrotic
what joint is often sprained in high ankle sprain
tibiofibular
what thickens to create ligaments for ankle joint
interosius membrane
what is known as the ankle mortis
talocrural joint
what does talocrural joint do
hinge. dorsiflexion and plantarflexion
what does subtalar/intertarsal joint do
inversion and eversion
what type of joint is subtalar
gliding
what type of joint is tarsometatarsal
condyloid
what does tarsometatarsal joint do
adduction and adbuction
what do PIP and DIP joints do
flexion and extension b/c hinge
what muscles are in posterior compartment
gastrocnemius and soleus
what muscles are in deep posterior compartment
tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus
what muscles are in lateral compartment
peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, peroneus tertius
what muscles are in anterior compartment
tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus
what do gastrocnemius and soleus do
plantarflexion
where does gastrocnemius cross
knee
what does tibialis posterior do
plantarflexion and inversion
what does flexor digitorum longus do
flex digits 2-5
what does flexor hallucis longus do
flex big toe
how to stretch gastrocnemius
knee extended
how to stretch soleus
knee bent
what do peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, peroneus tertius do
eversion
which lateral compartment muscle is most superficial
peroneus longus
what lateral compartment muscle is deep to peroneus longus
peroneus brevis
what does peroneus tertius do
grabs 5th MTP, is deep to peroneus brevis
what do anterior compartment muscles do
dorsiflexion and extension
what does tibialis anterior do
dorsiflexion and inversion
what does extensor digitorum longus muscles do
extend 2-5 digits
what does extensor hallucis longus do
extend big toe
when is talus bone seen
during plantarflexion
what bone is b/w 2 malleolus
talus
what bone is most lateral and flat
cuboid
what bone is found medial and proximal to foot
navicular
what are the 3 cuneiform bones
medial, intermediate, lateral
where is medial cuneiform found
at 1st MTP
where is intermediate cuneiform found
@ 2nd MTP
where is lateral cuneiform found
@ 3rd MTP
what is compartment syndrome
muscles can compress neck and cause pain
what joints of foot don’t move and connect toes with the foot itself
MTP
what supports MTP joints
arch
where is cuboid bone found
very laterally, @ 5th phalange
where does a jones fracture happen
5th MTP on the lateral side, widest portion of the foot
where do eversion muscles insert
5th MTP, which is where high ankle sprain comes from
