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Spring 2022 classes > applied anatomy neurodynamics and posture > Flashcards

applied anatomy neurodynamics and posture Flashcards

1
Q

should neurodynamics be assessed bilaterally

A

yes to see if it’s a local or peripheral problem and important to check both sides

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2
Q

median nerve steps to ADD tension on the nerve

A

SCAPULA DEPRESSION, shoulder AB, shoulder ER, elbow extension, wrist extension, digits 1-3 extension, cervical CL flexion

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3
Q

palpation areas for median nerve

A

C5-T1, b/w biceps and brachialis, ligament of struthers, bicepital aponeurosis, pronator teres, carpal tunnel

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4
Q

ulnar nerve steps to ADD tension

A

SCAPULA DEPRESSION, shoulder AB, shoulder ER, elbow flexion, wrist extension, digits 4&5 extension, CL cervical flexion

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5
Q

ulnar nerve palpation areas

A

cubital tunnel, C7-T1, arcade of struthers, flexor carpri ulnaris, tunnel guyon

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6
Q

radial nerve ADD tension

A

SCAPULA DEPRESSION, shoulder AB, shoulder IR, elbow extension, wrist flexion, ulnar deviation, digits 1-3 flexion

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7
Q

radial nerve areas to palpate

A

C5-C7 vertebrae, radial groove humerus, arcade of froshe, supinator, anatomical snuff box

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8
Q

femoral nerve ADD tension

A

lateral CL trunk flexion, cervical flexion, hip extension, knee flexion

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9
Q

femoral nerve palpation

A

L2-L4, femoral triangle, medial or lateral to ASIS, medial tibial condyle

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10
Q

sciatic nerve ADD tension

A

lateral trunk CL flexion, anterior pelvic tilt, hip flexion, hip AD, hip IR, knee extension, cervical flexion

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11
Q

3 branches of sciatic nerve

A

TED, SID, PIP

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12
Q

sciatic nerve palpation

A

L4-S3 segments, piriformis, posterior thigh, neck of fibula, tarsal tunnel

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13
Q

can posture cause pain

A

NO. it can only be a contributing factor

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14
Q

slings

A

cross-body diagonal muscle groups with 2 sides connected

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15
Q

chains

A

linear coordination of muscles that can be on the same or both sides to help maximize production of force

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16
Q

upper crossed syndrome

A

weak deep cervical flexors, rhomboid, lower trap
tight suboccipitals, upper trap, levator scap, pecs, scm

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17
Q

lower crossed

A

weak abs, glutes
tight hip flexors, erector spinae
looks like anterior pelvic tilt

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18
Q

layer syndrome

A

both upper and lower crossed

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19
Q

can we assume strength of a muscle based on posture

A

no

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20
Q

what muscles are more prone to stiffness

A

tonic more than phasic

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21
Q

tonic muscles (usually more axial) only including less likely thought of ones

A

QL, TFL, adductors hip, gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, illiopsoas, levator scap, upper trap

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22
Q

phasic muscles (usually more appendicular) only including less likely thought of

A

middle&lower trap, serratus anterior, rhomboid, neck flexors, tibialis anterior, abs, quads

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23
Q

posterior sling

A

lats, CL glute max

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24
Q

anterior sling

A

pec major, IL external oblique, transverse abdominis, CL internal oblique, CL hip abductors and quads

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25
Q

spiral trunk sling

A

rhomboid, serratus anterior, external oblique, CL internal oblique, CL adductors and hamstrings

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26
Q

pelvic chain

A

diaphragm, transverse abdominis, pelvic floor, multifidis

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27
Q

normal curves of spine

A

lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, cervical lordosis

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28
Q

lordosis muscle imbalance

A

weak hamstring, tight erector spinae, tight hip flex, weak abs

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29
Q

kyphotic lordotic

A

forward head, rounded shoulders, anterior pelvic tilt, increased thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis

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30
Q

forward head posture

A

lower cervical spine flexion, upper cervical spine extension, short suboccipitals, SCM, levator scap weak

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31
Q

sway back

A

forward head, decreased lumbar lordosis, increased thoracic kyphosis

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32
Q

flatback

A

forward head, increased upper thoracic kyphosis, decreased lumbar lordosis, posterior pelvic tilt, lengthened hip flexors, strong abs, lengthened lumbar extensors

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33
Q

scoliosis is named based on the ____ direction

A

convex

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34
Q

diagnosing scoliosis by degrees for forward bend test
<20
20-45
>45

A

conservative
teens should have a brace
spinal fusion surgery may be required

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35
Q

subtalar inversion/eversion at what part of foot

A

hindfoot

36
Q

pes cavas/planus at what part of foot

A

midfoot

37
Q

supination foot=

A

pes cavus and inversion

38
Q

pronation of foot =

A

pes planus and eversion

39
Q

genu varum, valgum, recurvatum

A

bowlegs, knock knees, hyperextended

40
Q

genu varum w/
genu valgum w/

A

coxa valgum, excessive supination
coxa varum, excessive pronation

41
Q

anteversion vs retroversion posture

A

IR: see 2 toes from posterior midline, stiff AD/IR and long AB/ER
ER: see 3 toes from posterior, stiff AB/ER and weak AD, IR

42
Q

normal pelvic tilt (anterior is great, posterior is less)

A

10-15 deg

43
Q

upslip and downslip means

A

ASIS, PSIS, iliac crest are higher/lower all together on one side

44
Q

scapular depression observation

A

superior border of scapula is lower than T2, clavicle may also appear horizontal

45
Q

scapular depression caused by what muscles

A

tight pecs, lats
lengthened upper trap

46
Q

scapular elevation observation

A

superior angle elevated above T2

47
Q

scapula elevation caused by what muscles

A

tight upper trap, levator scap, rhomboid

48
Q

abducted scapula observation

A

vertebral border >3cm from midline

49
Q

abducted scapula muscles that cause

A

tight pecs, lats, serratus anterior and lengthened rhomboid, middle trap

50
Q

adducted scapula observation

A

vertebral border <3cm from midline

51
Q

adducted scapula muscles that cause

A

tight rhomboid and middle trap, weak serratus anterior

52
Q

scapular internal rotation observation

A

winging= true neuromuscular condition caused by palsy of long thoracic nerve
IR: abnormal finding

53
Q

internal rotation scapula muscles that cause

A

weak serratus anterior

54
Q

scapular anterior tilt observation

A

inferior angle protrudes away from rib cage

55
Q

scapular anterior tilt caused by what muscles

A

tight pec minor, biceps, coracobrachialis

56
Q

scapula upward rotation observation

A

inferior angle is lateral to superior angles

57
Q

scapula upward rotation caused by

A

tight upper trap and serratus anterior, weak rhomboids

58
Q

scapula downward rotation observation

A

inferior angle is medial to superior angle

59
Q

scapula downward rotation muscles caused

A

tight levator scap and rhomboids, weak upper trap and lower trap, serratus anterior

60
Q

humeral alignment normal

A

<1/3 humeral head protruding in front of acromion with neutral rotation and palm facing the body

61
Q

anterior humeral alignment muscles caused

A

stiff infraspinatus and teres major, pec major

62
Q

abducted humerus observation

A

scapula depression or DR causing distal humerus to move away from the body

63
Q

abducted humerus muscles caused

A

tight supraspinatus and deltoids, weak adductors

64
Q

medially rotated humerus observation

A

cubital fossa faces medially, olecranon faces laterally

65
Q

medially rotated humerus

A

stiff teres major, lats, subscapularis, pec major
weak teres minor, infraspinatus
median or ulnar nerve ND

66
Q

laterally rotated humerus observation

A

olecranon medial, cubital fossa lateral, palm anterior

67
Q

laterally rotated humerus muscles caused

A

tight external rotators

68
Q

flexion or extension of humerus observation

A

distal humerus is anterior/posterior to proximal humerus

69
Q

flexion humerus muscles caused

A

stiff biceps, anterior deltoid

70
Q

extension humerus muscles caused

A

stiff lats, posterior deltoid, teres major

71
Q

head rotated observation

A

tight IL rotators (levator scap), tight CL rotators (upper trap, SCM)

72
Q

lateral flexion head

A

tight IL flexors (levator scap, upper trap, SCM)
weak CL lateral flexors

73
Q

torticolis head

A

IL lateral flexors tight (SCM)

74
Q

deductive reasoning

A

broad to specific

75
Q

straw man logical fallicy

A

misrepresent the point in the first place by overexaggerating the opposite opinion

76
Q

red herring logical facllicy

A

focus too much on the outlier

77
Q

type 1 processing

A

expert, more objective, reflection in action

78
Q

type 2 processing

A

novice, slower and systematic decisions, reflect on action after

79
Q

hypothesis categories

A

pathobiology, contributing factor, management, precautions/CI, prognosis

80
Q

faulty metacognition def

A

inability to recognize logical fallacies and cognitive biases

81
Q

dowager’s hump

A

bony deformity of OA that causes a fracture

82
Q

gibbus hump

A

fatty deposit on the posterior side of cervical neck, common w/ crushing syndrome

83
Q

scoliosis

A

curve of both frontal and transverse planes= rotated and sidebending

84
Q

cobb angle measured

A

parallel lines to upper border of upper border of vertebral body and lower border of lowest vertebra of the structural curve

85
Q

how to tell if scoliosis is structural or functional

A

have pt side bend on x ray, if it’s functional you won’t see the curve on the sidebending x ray

86
Q

lateral ankle sprain can be the cause of what foot abnormality

A

hindfoot inversion

Spring 2022 classes (21 decks)

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