Kinesiology Exam 2 Flashcards
1
Q
what plane does elevation/depression take place
A
frontal
2
Q
what plane does protraction/retraction take place
A
transverse
3
Q
what plane does upward roation/downward rotation take place
A
frontal plane
4
Q
is the manubrium and sternum part of shoulder girdle
A
no it is not
5
Q
what are bones part of the shoulder girdle
A
scapula and clavicle
6
Q
sternal end of clavicle shape
A
rounded
7
Q
acromial end of clavicle
A
where the scapula meets
8
Q
what is the purpose of the clavical
A
moves in response of the scapula moving
9
Q
what are the bones of the scapula
A
corocoid process, acromion process, spine, medial and lateral borders, inferior angle, superior angle, glenoid fossa
10
Q
what is the corocoid process
A
3 layers of muscle covering the scapula,
11
Q
what is the acromion process
A
anterior projection of the spine and scapula
12
Q
what is the numbering of scapula landmarks 1-4
A
inferior angle, medial border, lateral border, spine (bottom to top)
13
Q
what type of joint is scapulothoracic
A
pseudo gliding b/c named by how the muscles fit on the rib cage and not how they move since they don’t have diarthrotic joints
14
Q
what type of joint is sternoclavicular
A
glidding
15
Q
what type of joint is acromioclavicular
A
glidding
16
Q
where do the 5 muscles of the shoulder girdle insert
A
at the scapula
17
Q
what direction should a stretch be done
A
in the opposite direction as the action
18
Q
7 muscles of shoulder girdle
A
pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, upper trapezius, middle trapezius, lower trapezius, rhomboid, levator scapula
19
Q
is the rhomboid deep or superficial and what muscle is it near
A
deep, near the middle trap
20
Q
what muscles of the shoulder girdle do protraction
A
pectoralis minor and serratus anterior
21
Q
what movements does pectoralis minor do
A
protraction and depression
22
Q
what movements does serratus anterior do
A
protraction and upward roation
23
Q
what movements do upper trapezius do
A
elevation
24
Q
is upper trap superficial or deep
A
superfiicial
25
where does upper trapezius originate
at the skull
26
what movements does lower trap do
depression
27
what muscles do depression
pectoralis minor and lower trap
28
what movements does rhomboid do
retraction
29
what movements do levator scapula do
elevation and downward rotation
30
what are the anterior should girdle muscles
pectoralis minor and serratus anterior
31
what are the posterior should girdle muscles
3 trapezius, rhomboid, levator scapula
32
what skeleton do the muscles that move the scapula insert
axial b/c insert at scapula
33
purpose of manual muscle tests
assess ROM, test strength compared to uninjured side, compare w/ pre-injured data
34
what does the break test include
1. contract muscle against gravity
2. isometric contraction
see if there is pain with either movement
no pain= pass
equal strength= do resisted ROM test next
35
grading scale for MMT
1- can't move at all or see any contraction
2-can't do contraction against gravity, can see/palpate some contraction
3-can do contraction on own against gravity but can't hold w/ resistance
4-go through moderate resistance ROM
5- full strength w/ resisted
36
glenohumeral joint defined by
movements of humerous, origin (scapula or clavicle), insertion at humerous
37
what type of joint is glenohumeral
ball and socket= diarthrotic
38
what may indicate a problem w/ glenohumeral joint
problem w/ full ROM of scapula
39
bones of glenohumeral joint at scapula
glenoid fossa, supraspinatus fossa, intraspinatus fossa, subscapular fossa
40
what bone is at the head of the humerus
glenoid fossa
41
what fossa is posterior on scapula
supraspinatus
42
what fossa bone is anterior on scapula
subscapular fossa
43
is the deltoid tuberosity lateral or medial
lateral
44
what side is the greater tuberosity side found
lateral side
45
what side is the lesser tuberosity found
medial
46
what divides greater and lesser tuberosity
intertubercle/bicepital groove
47
pectoralis major motions
horizontal flexion and adduction
48
what muscles of the glenohumeral joint do adduction as their prime action
pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi
49
what are the helpers of glenohumeral joint
deltoid, teres major, coracobrachialis, rotator cuff
50
what are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
51
what does the deltoid move
humerus
52
are rotator muscles deep or superficial
deep
53
what movements do rotator cuff muscles do
internal and external rotation
54
is coracobrachialis anterior or posterior
anterior
55
if flexion, adduction, horizontal adduction hurt, what muscle is probably hurt
coracobrachialis
56
what should be done for MMT
start at neutral in anatomical position, do test and use grade scale to determine ability and pain
57
what is middle deltoid prime mover in
abduction
58
what is posterior deltoid prime mover in
horizontal extension
59
what is anterior deltoid prime mover in
flexion
60
what muscles of glenohumeral joint are used for extension
lats, posterior deltoid, teres major
61
what movement does supraspinatus do
abduction
62
what movement does infraspinatus do
external rotation
63
what movement does teres minor do
external rotation
64
what movement does subscapularis do
internal rotation
65
what is scaption plane
b/w flexion and adbuction, where suprascapularis can be isolated
66
what is most commonly injured rotator cuff muscle
suprascapularis
67
where are 3 out of 4 rotator cuff muscles found
on greater tuberosity
68
how will the treatment compare between muscles that do the same movements
treatment will be the same usually
69
on the radius, is the distal side to the elbow smaller or bigger than the proximal side
bigger on distal, smaller on proximal
70
is the ulna bigger on proximal side or distal side
bigger on proximal, smaller on distal
71
what movements does elbow do
flexion/extension
72
what movements does radioulnar joint do
pronation/supination
73
5 bones of humerus
epicondyle, supracondylar ridge, olecranon fossa, trochlea, capitulum
74
bones of radius
head and radial tuberosity
75
bones of ulna
olecranon process
76
what kind of joint is the elbow
hinge joint
77
biceps brachii movements
flexion of elbow, supination of forearm, weak shoulder flexion
78
where does biceps brachii originate
at corcoid process and glenoid fossa
79
how many heads does biceps brachialis have
2 heads so originates in 2 places
80
what is the olecranon process
elbow bone that is most stable in full flexion or extension
81
brachialis movements
flexion of elbow, synergist of bicep brachii
82
for elbow flexion is brachialis pronated or supinated
pronated
83
what is the most distally running elbow flexor
brachioradialis
84
what joint is pronator teres part of
radialulnar
85
what movements does pronator teres do
weak flexion of elbow and pronation
86
what muscle works with pronator teres to perform pronation
pronator quadratus
87
what muscle is distal and close to the wrist, part of radialulnar joint
pronator quadratus
88
what are extensor elbow muscles
triceps brachii, anconeus
89
what are anterior elbow muscles
biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, pronator teres, pronator quadratus
90
what do 3 heads of triceps brachii do
extension
91
where does long head of triceps brachii cross
at shoulder joint
92
what movements does aconeus do
extension of elbow, creates tension when elbow locks
93
what does supinator do
pivot around ulna, radialulnar joint
94
how are the phalanges numbered
thumb=1, pink=5
95
how are phalanx's labeled
proximal, medial, distal
96
what are the 2 types of interphalanageal joints
distal IP and proximal IP
97
what are the 2 types of metacarpal joints
head (bottom of fingers) and base (bottom of hand)
98
what is the process by the radius and ulna called
radial styloid process and ulnar styloid process
99
what kind of joint are wrist joints
saddle
100
what does saddle joint allow
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, opposition
101
how many carpal bones are there
8
102
where are the carpometacarpal bones found
by the carpal bones towards the bottom of the hand
103
does the thumb have a medial phalynx
no, only proximal and distal
104
where is trapezoid joint found
on base of 1st MC
105
what type of joint is trapezion
saddle
106
where is trapezoid joint found
on base of 2nd MC
107
where is hamate joint found
on base of 4th MC
108
where is schaphoid joint found
distal to radius, distal to radial styphoid process
109
where is lunate bone found
rounded bone, comes out after flexion of wrist
110
triquetrim-pisiform location
distal to ulnar styloid process, p shaped bone
111
what is most commonly dislocated bone of wrist
lunate
112
where is capitate joint found
on base of 3rd MC
113
what is most commonly fractured bone
schaphoid b/c jammed easily
114
what kinds of joint is PIP and DIP
hinge= only in sagital plane for flexion and extension
115
carpometacarpal joint type
gliding= small ROM in all planes and directions
116
intercarpal joint type
gliding
117
what movements can wrist do
flexion, extension, radial and ulnar deviation
118
glenohumeral flexion muscles
anterior deltoid and upper pect major
119
glenohumeral extension muscles
teres major, lats, lower pect major
120
glenohumeral abduction muscles
deltoid, supraspinatus, upper pectoralis major
121
glenohumeral adduction muscles
lats, teres major, lower pectoralis major
122
glenohumeral internal rotation muscles
lats, teres major, subscapularis, pec major
123
glenohumeral external rotation muscles
infraspinatus, teres minor
124
glenohumeral horizontal abduction
posterior deloid, middle deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor
125
glenohumeral horizontal adduction
anterior deltoid, pec major, coracobrachialis
126
glenohumeral diagonal abduction muscles
posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor, triceps brachii
127
glenohumeral diagonal adduction movements
anterior deltoid, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, pec major
