Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Spring 2022 classes > gross anatomy spine > Flashcards

gross anatomy spine Flashcards

1
Q

what is located in the visceral anterior compartment of the neck

A

thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, where respiratory and digestive tracts begin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is located in the visceral neurovascular compartments of the neck (2 lateral)

A

common carotid artery, IJV, vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is located in the vertebral posterior compartment of the neck

A

cervical vertebrae and associated muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

where does air pass through when our mouth is empty

A

nasal cavity to nasopharynx or oral cavity to oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where does air pass through when our mouth is full

A

larynx to trachea to tongue which blocks oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

when we swallow where does the food and air pass through

A

oral cavity to oropharynx to esophagus to laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what closes in the mouth/throat to block food from going down the trachea

A

epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the difference between thyroid cartilage and circoid cartilage

A

thyroid is large and superior, circoid is inferior and circles the airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the purpose of the pharynx

A

connect oral and nasal cavities to the larynx and esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 3 parts of the pharynx and what is their role

A

nasopharynx: superior constrictor
oropharynx: middle constrictor
laryngopharynx: inferior constrictor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the role of the auricle

A

capture sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where does the aucostic meatus end

A

tympanic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what do the middle ear ossicles transfer sound from

A

tympanic membrane to inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

stimulating what part of the ear may influence the vagus nerve

A

inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the 2 branches of the brachiocephalic

A

r common carotid and r subclavian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the 2 branches of l common carotid

A

internal and external carotid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the primary blood supply to the face

A

external carotid artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where is the left subclavian artery found

A

above first rib, below clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where do the vertebral arteries pass

A

transverse foramen of cervical vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

where does the internal jugular vein return blood to the heart from

A

face and cranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

where does the external jugular vein return blood to the

A

cervical spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the passage of veins from distal to proximal

A

internal and external jugular, subclavian, brachiocephalic, superior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what do carotid sinus do

A

mechanoreceptors that monitor changes to blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is carotid sinus innervated by

A

CN 9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what do carotid body monitor

A

chemoreceptors, change in blood chemistry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is carotid body innervated by

A

CN9 &10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what are the triangles of the neck split by

A

SCM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

anterior triangle contents and borders

A

A=midline
p=SCM
s=mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

posterior triangle contents and borders

A

A=SCM P=trap I=middle 1/3 clavicle S=occiput

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

anterior triangle CN

A

7, 10, 11, 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

anterior triangle muscles

A

submental, submandibular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

anterior triangle nodes

A

thyroid, parathyroid, lymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

anterior triangle vasculature

A

common carotid artery, IJV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

posterior triangle muscles

A

occipital, omoclavicular, subtriangles, omohyoid, scalene, levator scapula, splenius capitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

CN posterior triangle

A

11, cervical plexus, phrenic nerve, brachial plexus trunks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

posterior triangle vasculature

A

external jugular vein, subclavian artery, subclavian vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

nerves of cervical plexus

A

anterior rami (C1-C4)
lesser occipital (C2)
greater auricular (C2-C3)
transverse cervical (C2-C3)
supraclavicular (C3-C4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

cutaneus sensation anterior face/head

A

trigeminal and facial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

posterior head cutaneus sensation

A

greater occiput, third occipital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

lateral/inferior head neck cutaneus sensation

A

lesser occipital, greater auricular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

what does a plexus mean

A

starts next to the spinal cord and combines into branches to innervate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what are the roots of brachial plexus

A

C5-T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what are the trunks of brachial plexus

A

superior, middle, inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what are the divisions of brachial plexus

A

anterior and posterior; makes an X b/w C6-C7 and a Z b/w C7-C8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

what are the cords of brachial plexus

A

lateral, posterior, medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

what are the terminal nerve branches of brachial plexus

A

musculocutaneus, axillary, radial, median, ulnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

what nerve roots is each nerve innvervated by

A

MC: C5-C7
axillary: C5-T1
radial: C5-T1
median: C5-T1
ulnar: C8-T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

brachial plexus branches of nerve roots

A

dorsal scapular
phrenic
long thoracic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

brachial plexus branches of lateral cord

A

lateral pectoral, musculocutaneus, lateral cutaneus, median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

brachial plexus branches of trunks

A

suprascapular, nerve to subclavius **both coming off of superior trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

brachial plexus branches of median nerve

A

medial pectoral, median cutaneus of arm, median cutaneus of forearm, ulnar nerve, median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

brachial plexus branches of posterior cord

A

suprascapular nerve, thoracodorsal, inferior suprascapular, axillary, radial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

what is the main nerve for mastication

A

trigeminal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

what are the 3 branches of trigeminal nerve

A

opthalmic (V1), maxillary (V2), mandibular (V3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

what branch of the trigeminal nerve has some motor function

A

mandibular (V3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

what landmark divides the branches of the facial nerve

A

parotid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

what are the pre-parotid branches of the facial nerve

A

posterior auricular, digastric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

what are the post-parotid branches of the facial nerve

A

temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

muscles of facial expression

A

orbicularis occuli, occipitofronalis, procerus, hasalis, zygomaticus major and minor, buccinator, levator labril superioris, orbicularis oris, mentalis, platysma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

what are the suboccipital muscles

A

rectus capitis posterior minor, rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis superior and obliquus capitis inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

what do the obliquus muscles do

A

keep head in correct position “right” on the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

posterior neck muscle layers

A

superficial: trapezius
intermediate: splenius capitis and cervicis
deep: spemispinalis capitis: extension and CL rotation of head/neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

what are the muscles of the lateral neck

A

SCM, scalenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

what muscle usually compensates for neck flexors

A

SCM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

what muscle is very active for chest breathers

A

scalenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

what muscles attach to the first rib and pass through the brachial plexus

A

anterior scalenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

what muscle attaches to the second rib and has an extension component

A

posterior scalene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

what are the anterior deep neck flexors

A

longus capitis, longus colli, rectus capitis lateralis, rectus capitis anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

what is the anatomical location of anterior deep neck flexors

A

posterior to esophagus and trachea, anterior to vertebral bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

4 suprahyoid muscles

A

digrastric, stylohyoid, geniohyoid, mylonhyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

what do the suprahyoid muscles assist with

A

elevation, swallow, chew, speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

what are the infrahyoid muscles

A

sternothyroid, circothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

what do the infrahyoid muscles do

A

assist with depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

c1 vertebrae palpation

A

no vertebral body so harder, articulates with occpitial condyles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

c2 vertebrae palpation

A

large dens, articlulates with anterior arch of C1, includes transverse ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

C3-C7 palpation

A

short vertebral bodies and spinous processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

if the alar ligament is found to have a problem, is it a medical emergency

A

no it is not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

what does the joint b/c C1 and C2 promote

A

rotation b/c planar joint and no disc b/w

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

what does the joint between the skull and C1 promote

A

flexion and extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

what is found in the anterior cranial cavity

A

frontal bone, ethmoid bone, sphenoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

what is found in the middle cranial cavity region

A

sphenoid bone, temporal bone, parietal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

what cavity are the pituitary glands found

A

middle cranial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

what is found in the posterior cranial cavity

A

temporal, parietal, occipital bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

where is the foramen magnum found in the cranial cavities

A

posterior cranial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

what does the foramen magnum do

A

attaches the spinal cord to the brainstem

86
Q

4 ligaments of the upper cervical spine

A

transverse ligament atlas, apical, alar, cruciform

87
Q

what motion does alar ligament limit

A

rotation

88
Q

what does apical ligament help with

A

sagittal plane stability

89
Q

does the hyoid bone articulate with other bones

A

no it is surrounded by muscles and soft tissue

90
Q

borders of hyoid bone

A

S: floor of oral cavity
I: larynx
P: pharynx

91
Q

where do suboccipitals insert

A

occiput at superior nuchal line

92
Q

how many bones does the skull have not including ear. bones

A

22

93
Q

what type of joint is TMJ

A

synovial

94
Q

what kind of pts does Dr Mckinnon often work with that relates to the spine

A

brain tumor

95
Q

where did Dr Orton go with his wife for the weekend

A

Quebec City

96
Q

where did Dr Mckinnon go for a wedding last week and got sick

A

Dominican republic

96
Q
A
97
Q

how can you determine if the nerve issue is a peripheral nerve or myotome

A

first test the myotome motion, if it is weak, test the peripheral nerve in a different way. if both are weak, it’s likely a peripheral nerve issue. if the myotome motion is the most weak, it’s likely a myotome issue

98
Q

what is the acronym to remember order of brachial plexus as it moves distal

A

real therapists drink cold beer

99
Q

what is the acryonym to remember order of nerve branches found superior to inferior on brachial plexus

A

marmu

100
Q

what are some important bony landmarks coordinating with vertebrae

A

xiphoid process: T6
costal margin ribs: T3
umbilicis: T10

101
Q

what does the intercostal nerve do

A

provide motor and sensory innervation for ribs

102
Q

how many parts does the diaphragm have

A

L & R

103
Q

what does the recurrent laryngeal nerve do

A

loop under aorta to the throat for vocal cords, has L and R sides

104
Q

what are 3 nerves of the digestive system

A

greater splanchic, lesser splanchic, least splanchnic

105
Q

where does indigestion take place b/c there’s not really anywhere else for the acid to go

A

esophagus

106
Q

what happens to bronchioles, HR, and force of contraction during sympathetic response

A

dilate, increase, increase

107
Q

what happens to bronchioles, HR, and force of contraction during vagus response

A

constrict, decrease, decrease

108
Q

what artery flows into the intercostal space

A

R & L internal thoracic

109
Q

how do the superior ribs with respiration

A

pump handle motion (superior and anterior)

110
Q

how do the inferior ribs move with respiration

A

bucket handle motion (superior and lateral)

111
Q

what pec muscle is associated with TOS

A

pec minor

112
Q

which intercostals are used for exhalation and inspiration

A

internal , external

113
Q

what muscle is on the posterior aspect of the anterior wall

A

transverse thoracic

114
Q

where does the aorta pass through the diaphragm

A

posterior, the esophagus and IVC pass through here

115
Q

2 symphysis joints of ribs

A

manubriosternal and xiphiseral

116
Q

synovial joints of ribs

A

costovertebral, costotransverse, interchondral, sternocostal

117
Q

what synovial joint can be displaced by trauma or surgery

A

superior costotransverse

118
Q

where is interchondral joint found

A

b/w false ribs

119
Q

what kind of joint is 1st rib

A

fibrocartilaginous, the others are sternocostal joints

120
Q

what rib is at the level of the sternal angle

A

rib 2

121
Q

where does costal cartilage travel

A

anteriorly and attaches to the sternum

122
Q

identify which ribs are true, false, floating

A

1-7 true
8-10 false
11-12 floating

123
Q

what does a floating rib mean

A

no direct attachment with sternum

124
Q

are superior or inferior ribs more stable

A

superior b/c articulate with manubrium… inferior articulate w/ diaphragm

125
Q

describe the thoracic vertebrae in comparison with other regions

A

less mobility and more stability here b/c attach to ribs

126
Q

what may cause a change in the pleural cavities

A

infection, trauma, swelling, fluid

127
Q

what are the 2 pleural cavities

A

parietal: superficial
visceral: deep

128
Q

what’s included in the superior thoracic aperture

A

T1 vertebra, manubrium, medial margins of rib 1

129
Q

what’s included in the inferior thoracic aperture

A

T12 vertebra, ribs 11 and 12, rib 7-10, ziphoid process, esophagus, aorta, IVC

130
Q

what helps create more space in the diaphragm for blood to flow

A

esophageal hiatus and aortic hiatus

131
Q

what are 3 functions of the thorax

A

breath, protect, conduit

132
Q

what’s found in the posterior, anterior, lateral regions of the thorax

A

P: 12 vertebrae and IVD
A: sternum, manubrium, body of sternum, xiphoid process
L: 3 layers of flat muscles (intercostals)

133
Q

how do you determine names of cervical vertebrae and nerve roots

A

C8 to T, name of nerve root is below the number of vertebrae
C1 to C7, name of nerve root is the same as vertebrae
ex) C8 nerve root is with C7 vertebrae b/c there are 8 cervical nerve roots and only 7 vertebrae

134
Q

what is the function of thoracolumbar fascia

A

anchor muscles to increase stability

135
Q

what are the 3 segmentum cervical muscles

A

levatores costarium, interspinales, intertransversarri

136
Q

what are the 3 transversospindle muscles

A

semispinalis, mulfidus, rotatores

137
Q

what are the 3 erector spinae muscles

A

illiocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

138
Q

how to tell the difference b/w erector spinae muscles depending on where you are on the spine

A

illiocostalis: most lateral and greatest muscle belly inferior
longissimus: intermediate: greatest muscle belly thoracic area
spinalis: most medial, largest muscle belly superior

139
Q

what are the 2 spinotransversales muscles

A

splenus capitis, splenus cervicis

140
Q

what do intermediate thoracic muscles do

A

attach to ribs and serve respiratory function

141
Q

what are 2 intermediate thoracic muscles

A

serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior

142
Q

what is the position of facet joints in the spine

A

cervical: slopped A to P
thoracic: vertical shape
lumbar: wrapped more

143
Q

where do pelvic floor muscles attach

A

coccyx

144
Q

where does illium articulate with spine

A

sacrum

145
Q

which segment of the spine can withstand the largest load and has larger vertebral bodies compared to the others

A

lumbar spine

146
Q

which segment of the spine is most stable

A

thoracic

147
Q

what segment of the spine will demifacets be found

A

thoracic

148
Q

what is a demifacet

A

where ribs articualte with 2 vertebral segments

149
Q

where is the vertebral canal most narrow

A

thoracic spine

150
Q

what are the vertebrae associated w/ each segment

A

C1-C2 (upper C)
C3-C7 (lower C)
T1-T12
L1-L5

151
Q

what is the dens

A

fulcrum that allows for rotation at upper cervical spine

152
Q

what is the function of the transverse ligament

A

prevent compression of the spinal cord

153
Q

what is the function of the alar ligament

A

attach the dens and atlas, prevent 2 vertebrae from moving too far away from each other

154
Q

which vertebra is called atlas and which is axis

A

C1 (Atlas), C2 (Axis)

155
Q

what motion is most important at the C2 vertebra

A

rotation

156
Q

what is the uncinate process

A

part of the lower C spine, where superior segment sits

157
Q

which spinal segment has the largest transverse processes

A

thoracic b/c have to attach to ribs

158
Q

what kind of joint is IVD

A

symphysis: nucleus pulposus is more fluid and needs nutrients, annulus fibrosis is rigid outer layer

159
Q

what is the function of the vertebral body

A

embrace the load/force

160
Q

what part of the vertebral body absorbs more force

A

anterior part

161
Q

what is the function of lamina, pedicle, foramen transversarium

A

-base of transverse process to spinous process
-bridge of transverse process to vertebral body
-hole in transverse process where vertebral arteries pass through

162
Q

t/f all parts of the spine move in the same direction at the same time

A

totally false. the spine moves in segments and the segments have different shapes

163
Q

functions of the spine

A

support against gravity, move, protect spinal cord

164
Q

what kind of curve does each segment have

A

C: secondary: convex in the anterior direction
T: primary: convex in the posterior direction
L: secondary: convex in the anterior direction
S/C: primary: convex in the posterior direction

165
Q

how many vertebrae do the sacrum and coccyx have

A

5 (sacrum), 3 or 4 depending on the person, FUSED (coccyx)

166
Q

what is the articulation at the TMJ

A

mandibular fossa of temporal bone + condylar process of mandible

167
Q

what kind of joint is TMJ

A

true synovial, has a disc

168
Q

does the superior part of the TMJ slide or spin

A

slide/translate

169
Q

does the inferior part of the TMJ slide or spin

A

spin

170
Q

what is the disc of TMJ made of

A

fibrocartilage disc, is good for repeated forces like chewing so it’s important

171
Q

what do protrusion and retrusion of TMJ mean

A

push bottom teeth forward
pull bottom teeth backward

172
Q

for TMJ kinematics spin what part of TMJ should you look at to see how it moves

A

chin/anterior mandible

173
Q

for depression of TMJ what has to happen

A

mandibular condyle translate anteriorly and spin to allow for opening, THEN superior portion translates anteriorly

174
Q

for elevation of TMJ what has to happen

A

superior portion translates posteriorly, THEN inferior portion spins anteriorly

175
Q

what are the muscles involved with depression of TMJ

A

digastric, LATERAL pterygoid, suprahyoid muscles

176
Q

normal ROM TMJ depression

A

40-50 mm, 20-35 mm necessary for function

177
Q

what is the arthokinematic motion of TMJ depression

A

first part: posterior rotation/spin
second part: anterior glide

178
Q

muscles for TMJ elevation

A

temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid

179
Q

arthrokinematic for TMJ elevation

A

first part: posterior glide of upper compartment
second part: anterior spin of lower compartment

180
Q

muscles for TMJ protrusion

A

lateral and medial pterygoid

181
Q

normal ROM TMJ protrusion

A

7 mm

182
Q

arthrokinematic TMJ protrusion

A

anterior glide superior compartment

183
Q

muscles for TMJ retrusion

A

temporalis, suprahyoid muscles

184
Q

TMJ retrusion normal ROM

A

3-4 mm

185
Q

arthrokinematic TMJ retrusion

A

posterior glide superior compartment

186
Q

muscles for ipsilateral lateral deviation TMJ

A

masseter and temporalis

187
Q

normal ROM lateral deviation TMJ

A

10-15 mm

188
Q

arthrokinematic ispilateral lateral deviation

A

ipsilateral rotation in transverse plane

189
Q

muscles for contralateral lateral deviation TMJ

A

medial and lateral pterygoids

190
Q

arthrokinematic contralateral lateral deviation

A

anterior glide in upper compartment

191
Q

what does TMJ open packed mean

A

no contact of teeth, tongue in resting position

192
Q

what do lateral and medial collateral disc ligaments do

A

attach to medial and lateral poles of mandibular condyle, prevent frontal plane mvmt

193
Q

what does lateral ligament of TMJ do

A

support laterally to resist posterior displacement, prevent excessive elevation of condyle into skull

194
Q

what does stylomandibular ligament do

A

resist opening for excessive protrusion

195
Q

what does sphenomandibular ligament do

A

support medially to TMJ and resist opening, most painful after prolonged mouth opening

196
Q

what is the primary passive support of mandible

A

sphenomandibular ligament

197
Q

compare temporalis and masseter articulations

A

t: connect temporal fossa to mandible
m: connect zygomatic bone to mandible

198
Q

compare temporalis and masseter functions

A

both do elevation of mandible and ipsilateral lateral excursion of mandible. temporalis also does retraction of mandible

199
Q

compare medial and lateral pterygoid function and innervation

A

-lateral: depression of mandible, protrusion mandible
-medial: elevation mandible
-both: contralateral lateral excursion of mandible and innervated by mandibular branch of CN 5

200
Q

compare medial and lateral pterygoid origin and insertion

A

lateral upper: infratemporal fossa
lateral lower: pterygoid process
lateral insertion: TMJ capsule, TMJ disc, mandible
medial deep: pterygoid process
medial superficial: maxilla
medial insertion: mandible

201
Q

trigeminal neuralgia

A

problem w/ chewing, caused by CN 5

202
Q

bell’s palsy

A

problem w/ facial expression, CN 7

203
Q

post surgical sensory issues of face/jaw

A

CN 5 or 7

204
Q

where is the spinal cord the thickest

A

brachial plexus and lumbar regions

205
Q

what vertebra does the spinal cord end

A

L2

206
Q

why is the thoracic spine so stable

A

attaches to ribs and has many ligaments to it

207
Q

what part of the spine is built to withstand force

A

vertebral bodies

208
Q

blood flow through the heart

A
209
Q

chambers of heart

A
210
Q

lung anatomy

A

Spring 2022 classes (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions