Kidneys and The Nephrons Flashcards
Outer part of kidney?
Cortex
Inner part of kidney?
Medulla
Artery that supplies kidney?
Renal Artery
Blood vessel that leaves kidney?
Renal Vein
Waste products empty out of kidney via the?
Ureter
Structure inside kidney?
Nephrons
Outer part of Glomerulus?
Bowmans Capsule
Blood enters glomerulus via the?
Renal Artery
Blood leaves the glomerulus via the?
Renal vein
What is not able to enter the Bowmans capsule?
Red Blood Cells and Protein
Urea enters the what when it leaves the glomerulus?
Bowmans Capsule
What can pass through into the Bowmans capsule?
Urea, Salts, Glucose and water
What is the movement of materials from the glomerulus to the Bowmans capsule known as?
Ultrafiltration
Active transport allows what?
Useful materials to transport to the blood capillary from the nephron
What can be reabsorbed from the nephron into the blood capillary?
Glucose Salts and Water
What is left within the nephron?
Urea, excess salts and water
When can glucose be present in urine?
Underlying medical condition
Process of taking back materials needed is known as?
Selective Reabsorption
Tubule that comes before the loop of henle is known as the?
Proximal Convoluted Tubulue
Tubule that comes after the Loop of Henle?
Distal Convoluted Tubule
What happens in the ascending limb of the Loop of Henle?
Materials rise up
What happens in the descending limb of the Loop of Henle?
Materials fall down
What happens at the collecting duct of the nephron?
Material from tubule enters and goes down until exiting kidney through ureter to then exit the body
What happens at the glomerulus?
Dirty blood enters and materials are separated via glomerulus, filtrate contains waste and some good materials which enters tubule.
Where does filtrate waste travel too?
It exits to body via the urine
Where does clean blood travel to?
Out of kidneys via the renal vein and back into circulation
Is the descending limb of the Loop of Henle permeable to water?
Yes
Is the ascending limb of the Loop of Henle permeable to water?
No, this is impermeable and contains sodium pumps meaning the filtrate becomes less concentrated
What happens at the Loop of Henle?
The filtrate becomes concentrated in the Loop of Henle as water, sodium ions and chloride ions are reabsorbed.
If a patient had low blood pressure, what would this mean with the functioning of the kidneys?
There would not be enough pressure to force water and molecules through the glomerulus wall to filter as this only works at high pressure which would not be available if the patient had a low blood pressure reading.
