Immune System Flashcards
Physical Barriers?
Skin, surfaces of the GI tract, Respiratory tract and Urogenital Tract.
Innate Immunity?
Pre-existing - enzymes or various proteins.
Rapidly activated - neutrophils and macrophages.
Acquired Immunity?
Responds to specific foreign pathogens, Immune system learns to produce specific cells following infection, against the pathogen involved.
Cells of the immune system?
Neutrophils, Basophils, Eosinophils, Macrophages, Antibodies, Dendritic cell, T cells, B cells, Cytokines and Natural Killer Cells.
Mast cells?
Release chemicals causing inflammation such as histamine. Inflammation involves increased blood flow.
Where do mast cells reside?
Outside the bloodstream in the tissues. Skin, Lung Tissue, Lymph-nodes, liver and spleen.
T cell?
Recognise antigens that the body has encountered before.
Location of Cells?
originate in bone marrow, become specialised in thymus. Recirculate between bloodstream and lymphatic system and also patrol tissues.
B cell?
Produce antibodies that bind very selectively to antigens which include any substance that prompts an immune response.
Location of a B cell?
In bone marrow and circulate in blood, spend most of cycle in lymphatic system.
Eosinophil?
Contain molecules that kill cells the immune system has marked for destruction. They help clear parasitic infection.
Where are eosinophils located?
They circulate in the blood and then migrate to the tissues that interact with the outside environment.
Dendritic Cells?
Known as antigen presenting cells. They ingest and degrade pathogens but are particularly good at presenting broken down products to other cells of immune system.
Location of dendritic cells?
most common in body tissues that interact with external environment such as skin, lungs and gut lining
Macrophage?
These cells ingest pathogens, cancer cells and macroscopic debris which are then destroyed and recycled with chemicals and enzymes.
