Kidney manifestation of systemic disease

Question 1

Renal involvement in systemic diseases:

Answer 1

• hypersensible nephropathy
• Metabolic disorders: diabetic nephropathy, gout
• autoimmune diseases: SLE, Goodpasture syndrome

Question 2

Hypertensive nephropathy: info

Answer 2

• most common cause of chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus
• chronic HT damages the renal vasculature -> ischemia + hyper filtration -> nephrosclerosis
• also risk of cholesterol embolism and stenosis of renal arteries

Question 3

Hypertensive nephropathy: management

Answer 3

• control BP with: ACEi/ARBs, diuretics, etc…
• no ACEi in bilateral artery stenosis !
• treat CV risk factors: cholesterol, obesity, smoking

Question 4

Gout:

Answer 4

• 90% of gout cases are due to decreased renal excretion
• uric acid crystals are deposited in the renal tubules
• can be prevented by increasing fluid intake + medication

Question 5

SLE:

Answer 5

• kidney involvement depends on the stage
• can vary from mild to severe proteinuria and RPGN
• can show features of nephritic or nephrotic syndrome or mixed, some progress to rapid glomerulonephritis