Kazdin Chapters 7 & 12 Flashcards
Multiple-baseline design definition
A single-case design where data is collected separately on two or more behaviors/two or more individuals where the intervention is introduced to different baselines at different points in time
How does a multiple baseline design differ from ABAB designs?
There is no need to return to baseline or near baseline levels of performance (do not share practical/ethical concerns about withdrawing the intervention)
Minimal number of data points needed before introducing intervention to second/third behaviors
3-5 in each phase
Concurrent vs. nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design
A concurrent design means participants are observed at the same time whereas noncurrent means that participants are not observed at the same time
Which is stronger as an experimental design, concurrent or nonconcurrent multiple baseline designs? Why?
Concurrent because of time influences (observation all happens at one time so influence of extraneous variables is less likely)
Advantages of noncurrent multiple baseline design
Well, it is easier in applied settings, no need to withdraw treatment like an ABAB design
Why include more baselines vs. less baselines?
- Clearer demonstration that intervention is responsible for change
- If one baseline doesn’t change that much you have others
Problems/limitations of multiple baseline designs
Interdependence of behaviors/baseline - i.e. altering the behavior of one person might influence others
Inconsistent effects
Prolonged baselines - applied/ethical considerations, feasibility
Definition of quasi-experimental research design
Some facet of the study is not readily under the control of the investigator - i.e. no resources for repeated daily assessment of reading over time
Advantages of multiple baseline designs generally
Allows for change agents to extend scope of intervention while gradually shaping behavior in client
Why do we need a quasi-experimental design?
Large-scale programs are hard to assess formatively
