JVD 2012 #1 - Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases Flashcards
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
What are the 3 reported ‘Classic’ components of high rise syndrome?
•Epistaxis,
pneumothorax,
hard palate fracture
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
What was the survival rate of cats presented for High Rise syndrome?
•Survival for all cats in the study was 94.0 % (79/84).
(all cats treated survived. one DOA and 4 euth’s)
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
What proportion of cats had at least some orofacial injury?
66%
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
What was the most common injury in the study?
Facial soft tissue injury was the most common finding and was noted in 51.8 %
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
In the study what was the difference between group A cats and group B cats?
Group A saw th dentistry service and had way more info
Group B saw only emergency service and did not have as much info recorded.
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
How many maxillary and mandibular fractures were confirmed (aside from palate or symphyseal separation)?
None!
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
How common was symphyseal separation overall?
3.6% of cases (3/83)
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
How common was hard palate fracture overall?
20.5%
(17/83)
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
How common was epistaxis?
36.1%
(30/83)
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
Rank the following injuries from most to least common:
Palatal trauma, dental trauma, TMJ injury, Facial soft tissue injury, epistaxis
- Facial soft tissue injury (51.8 %)
- Epistaxis (36.1 %)
- Palatal trauma (20.5%)
- Dental trauma (17.3%)
- TMJ injury (0%)
- Also no mandibular fractures or maxillary fractures aside from symphysis and palate
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
What is the theorized sequence in which the cat’s body/face strikes the ground to explain the injuries seen?
- Feet land
- Abdomen/thorax contacts –> pneumothorax
- Chin strikes –> symphyseal separation
- cusps of maxillary canine teeth hit
- if only one hits, causes upward force on that side which causes palatal separation
- crown fracture
- Same upward force would happen if mandible strikes first on one side only as it gets transferred when mouth closes
According to Sarah E. Bonner, DVM, Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet, John R. Lewis, VMD
in
Orofacial Manifestations of High-Rise Syndrome in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 84 Cases
What is the etiology of the lesion pictures in high rise syndrome?
mandibular first molar tooth may potentially thrust upward to forcefully occlude onto the maxillary fourth premolar, causing traumatic hemisection between the mesiobuccal and mesiopalatal crown root segments of the maxillary fourth premolar tooth
