Judaism key Terms Flashcards
1
Q
aninut
A
the period of mourning between death and burial
2
Q
onen
A
the chief mourner who arranges the funeral
3
Q
kraih
A
tearing the garment on notification of death
4
Q
shiva
A
the 7 day mourning after the burial
5
Q
avelut
A
the 11 months of mourning after Shloshim
6
Q
shloshim
A
30 day period of mourning
7
Q
shnat ha evel
A
the whole first year of mourning
8
Q
matzevah
A
setting up the gravestones 6 months after burial
9
Q
yahrzeit
A
first anniversary of death
10
Q
tzedekah
A
doing the right thing
11
Q
shema
A
monotheistic prayer from deuteronomy say by Jews morning and night
12
Q
tenakh
A
Jewish scriptures
13
Q
torah
A
first five books of the Bible - the LAW
14
Q
nevi’im
A
part of tenakh about the prophets
15
Q
ketuvim
A
part of tenakh about writings
16
Q
shabbat
A
holy rest day - saturday
17
Q
mitzvot
A
commandments
18
Q
shekinah
A
divine presence
19
Q
rabbi
A
teacher
20
Q
beit knesset
A
house of assembly (synagogue)
21
Q
beit teffilah
A
house of prayer (synagogue)
22
Q
shul
A
school (synagogue)
23
Q
pikuash neffesh
A
sanctity of life
24
Q
minyan
A
10 men / adults needed for a prayer service to begin
25
menorah
7 branched candlestick
26
Chanukkiah
9 branched candlestick
27
magen david
star of david
28
bimah
reading platform
29
haron hakodesh
ark where torah scrolls are read
30
ner tamid
eternal light
31
sifrei torah
torah scrolls
32
chazzan
cantor
33
siddur
prayer book
34
tallit
prayer shawl
35
tefillin
boxes worn on left arm and forehead by men containing torah scrolls
36
tzittzit
tassels on tallit representing 613 mitzvot
37
amidah
the standing prayer said three times a day
38
kiddush
blessing (shabbat, wedding, passover)
39
challah
breads baked for Shabbat (reminds them of bread in the desert
40
afi komen
half of middle bread at passover hidden for the children to find
41
mishnah
oral law, written down
42
gemara
commentary on the mishnah
43
talmud
gemara and mishnah combined
44
mezuzah
boxes on doorposts of Jewish buildings, houses and rooms
45
brit milah
cicumcision ceremony
46
sandek
grandfather or elder on whose knee the boy to be circumcised is placed
47
mohel
circumcisor
48
bar mitzvah
'son of commandment' - ceremony coming of age for boys
49
bat mitzvah
'daughter of commandment' - ceremony coming of age for girls
50
ketuvah
weddding contract
51
chuppah
canopy under which the wedding takes place
52
kiddushim
wedding contract that produces a betrothal
53
mazel tov
good luck - breaking of wine glass
54
kaddish
a hymn praising god
55
kosher
clean food - may be eaten
56
trefah
unclean food - may not be eaten
57
rosh hashanah
new year festival - before 12 days of awe
58
yom kippur
day of atonement - after 12 days of awe
59
shofer
rams horn - blown 100 times on rosh hashanah and once on yom kippur
60
pesach
passover
61
charoset
apple and nut paste at Passover representing mortar made by Israelites in Egypt
62
bat chayil
'daughter of valour' - girls coming of age ceremony in orthodox churches
63
bet din
religious court made from rabbis
64
covenant
agreement with God
65
halakhah
code of conduct for Jewish life
66
kippah
skull cap
67
messianic age
when God's anointed one will come and lead the Jews
68
mezuzah
scroll containing the Shema
69
reform jews
Jews that believe torah was inspired by God - laws can be changed or adapted
70
orthodox jews
Jews who live according to Jewish laws and traditions
71
conservative jews
jews that follow traditional elements but allow for small modernization
72
responsa
correspondence of rabbi concerning religious decisions
73
western wall
only part of ancient temple remaining - place of pilgrimage
74
yad vashem
memorial to the victims of the holocaust - 'a memorial and a name'
75
yeshiva
college where Torah and Talmud are studied
76
chametz
leavened foods, prohibited during Pesach
77
haggadah
text read during Passover Seder recounting story of exodus
78
hashem
name used by many Jews in ordinary conversation to refer to God
79
kaddish
an important and central prayer in Jewish prayer service
80
kol nidre
opening prayer on Eve of Yom Kippur
81
matzah
unleavened bread eaten at Passover
82
mitzvot
commandments / rules
83
quorum
number set down as the minimum amount needed before something can be done
84
seder
ceremonial dinner on the first night / both nights of Pesach
85
tashlich
performed on evening of Rosh Hashanah - previous year's sins are symbolically cast off by throwing pieces of bread or similar item into flowing water
86
sinai
mountain where Moses received 10 commandments
87
reconstructionist jews
jews that seek to unite jewish history and tradition with modern science
88
secular jews
jews that do without god
