Eschatology RS GCSE Flashcards
What is another name for the Easter candle
the Paschal Candle
Describe the main features of the Paschal candle
large candle
- cross in the middle
- five incense grains representing wounds of jesus
- Alpha and Omega - beginning and end
- year in each ‘quadrant’ of the cross
What does the Paschal candle symbolise
wax burning, bees work to produce the wax = sacrifice
- light produced = destroying darkness, resurrection
- alpha and omega - Jesus is at the beginning and end
For what occasions is the Paschal candle used
- funerals
- Easter Vigil
- baptisms
Who painted ‘the Last Judgement’
Michelangelo
What 5 things are depicted in ‘The Last Judgement’
Christ central as judge
- saints with the instruments of their death
- all naked except Jesus and Mary
- people resurrecting (coming from their graves)
- others going to hell
- seven angels blowing trumpets
What happens at the Easter Vigil
- congregation starts outside by bonfire
- priest lights a fire, then blesses and lights the Paschal candle
- priest says prayers whilst adding incense grains
- congregation head into the Church
- candles are lit from the Paschal candle and given to the whole congregation
- procession happens
What is eschatology
the study of the last things
What are three common memorials for the dead
tombstone, monument, remembrance gardens
What is the most common reason for people choosing to perform cremation instead of burial
there is not enough land for burial
What is a remembrance garden
an area designed for the remains of the deceased, where mourners can come and reflect in quiet
What does RIP stand for
Rest in Peace
Requiescat in Pace
What are two famous examples of monuments
Taj Mahal and Pyramids of Giza
What are cosmic disasters
frightening events in the universe that will indicate the end of time
Name three things that will happen at the eschaton
- Son of Man will come to judge
- the end of the world as we know it
- God will reign
- The righteous will be resurrected
What was Jesus’ resurrected body like
It was glorified
What is the eschaton
the end of the world as we know it
Did people immediately recognise Jesus in the Gospel accounts of the Resurrection
No
What are the four last things
Death, Judgement, Heaven, Hell
What is death to Christians
a transition to a new phase of eternal life
What is judgement
the belief that God judges a person based on their actions, and either rewards or punishes them as a result
What is heaven
the state of eternal happiness in the presence of God
What is hell
the state of total separation from God
What is purgatory
a state of cleansing to remove the effects of sin, to help a person accept the full presence of God
Why is purgatory a state of pain and hope
pain because of the cleansing of sins
hope because you are on the way to heaven
What is particular judgement
- What is final judgement
- which is one of the 4 Last Things
When a person is judged by God after death, and has to accept the responsibility of their actions when alive
- Last Judgement, when Christ comes at the end of time and all of Creation is judged
- Final Judgement
When do people go to purgatory
if they have been judged righteous after Particular Judgement
What do different Christians believe about Purgatory
- some believe there is no purgatory and instead they will go to heaven or hell at the moment of death
- some believe all people will wait for the Second Coming of Christ and will go judgement then, going to heaven or hell (no purgatory)
What is a parable
a story with a religious message; particularly used for the stories told by Jesus
how are heaven and hell described through Jesus’ teachings
places of happiness and torment
What does the Parable of the rich man and Lazarus show
- Lazarus is a poor man who sat at the gates of the rich man’s house
- the poor man goes to Abraham and the angels when he dies, the rich man goes to hell
- he is suffering a lot
- he pleas to be forgiven, but he is not
- he asks to alert his brothers, but Abraham says they have all they need in the scriptures
What is the message of the Parable of the rich man and Lazarus
an awareness of the value and the needs of others results in a closeness to God in the afterlife
What is cosmic reconciliation
the time when all things in creation will be brought together in harmony
Where in the bible is the story of Adam and Eve
- what does this story show about man
Genesis 3
- humans have a tendency to sin
What does Julian of Norwich say is a necessary consequence of freewill
sin
What is meant by ‘The Fall’
The breaking of the relationship between God and man (Adam and Eve)
What are the three parts of the Church
- how are they dependent on each other
Church militant - those on Earth
Church suffering - souls of the faithful in purgatory
Church glorious - faithful enjoying the happiness of heaven
- people on Earth pray to God with the assistance of those in heaven
- people on Earth pray for those in purgatory
- those in purgatory depend on those who are living and pray for the needs of the living
Is anyone predestined to go to heaven or hell
no - predestination means we can do nothing to help ourselves
What are the teachings of the Second Vatican Council about the end of time
- Christ has promised he will come in glory as judge and saviour. People are empowered by the Holy Spirit to live by the standards and values that Christ did
- The Church on Earth is full of sinners and not in its perfect form
What is the Catechism of the Catholic Church
a book that summarises the teachings of the Church
What are the two types of sin
mortal, venial
What is mortal sin
- What are 6 examples
sins that destroy our relationship with God
- not attending Church on Sunday, murder, stealing, lying, abortion, masturbation
How can you make up a mortal sin
going to confession
WHat three things constitute the ‘Last Rites’
confession, anointing of the sick, final communion
How do the last rites help a dying person
gives hope, strength, courage, forgiveness
Which sacrament is part of the ‘Last Rites’
anointing of the sick
WHat are the stages of the anointing of the sick
- sprinkles room with water to remind of baptism
- sick person may confess their sins
- reading from Bible
- short litany
- priest lays hands on head of sick person, calling down the HS
- small amount of oil of the sick is blessed
- forehead and hands are anointed
- our father is said
- Holy Communion is given
What is the commendation of the dying
prayers that are said when a person is at the point of death
What is Viaticum
Final Communion before death. Means ‘with you on the way’
WHat are the three steps of the reception of a body at a funeral
- the body is taken to church
- at the doors, the coffin is sprinkled with holy water
- the coffin is placed by the paschal candle
What is the name for a funeral mass
requiem mass
What colour will the priest wear in a requiem mass
purple or white vestements
What is a crematorium
a building where the dead are cremated
What are the 5 steps to the committal at a funeral
- a prayer is said asking for forgiveness of sins
- coffin is sprinkled with holy water
- priest waves smoke from burning incense over the coffin
- as the coffin is blessed, the congregation sing “May the angels lead you to paradise and with poor man Lazarus of old may you enjoy eternal life”
What does the rising of smoke symbolise at a funeral
prayers being offered to God on behalf of the deceased
What 3 steps happen at the grave or crematorium
- ‘Our Father’ is said
- grave or coffin sprinkled with holy water
- prayers reflect hope that deceased will quickly gain eternal happiness of heaven
What is a catholic funeral NOT for
celebration of life
What are three reasons for a Catholic funeral
bury the body respectfully, pray for the dead, teach the Church beliefs about the afterlife, comfort the bereaved
What is the sanctity of life
the idea that all life is holy as it is created and loved by God; human life should not be misused or abused
What is euthanasia
killing someone painlessly and with compassion to end suffering
What does the Catholic Church believe about ending life
it should not be taken away, yet it should not be prolonged unnaturally
What are three things Catholics should do instead of Euthanasia
pray / palliative care / hospices / pain-relief medication
what is palliative care
care for those nearing the end of their lives
What are hospices
places for elderly to stay
