January 20, 2016 - SG5 - Dyspnea II

Question 1

CO₂ : HCO₃ Ratios

Answer 1

Acute Respiratory Acidosis - 10:1

Chronic Respiratory Acidosis - 10:3

Acute Respiratory Alkalosis - 10:2

Chronic Respiratory Alkalosis - 10:4

Metabolic Acidosis - 10:12

Metabolic Alkalosis - 10:7

Question 2

Central Cyanosis

Answer 2

Is caused by desaturated hemoglobin because of hypoxemia or because of chronic respiratory acidosis.

Question 3

A-a Gradient

Answer 3

Aa Gradient = FiO2 (Patm - PH2O) - PCO2/0.8 - PaO2

Question 4

Five Causes of Hypoxemia

Answer 4

1) Hypoventilation
2) Low oxygen
3) V/Q mismatch
4) Shunting
5) Diffusion limitation

Question 5

Henderson Hasselbach Equation (Modified)

Answer 5

[H+] = 24 [CO₂] / [HCO₃]

pH of… 7.0 = a [H+] of 100, 7.1 = 80, 7.2 = 64, etc.