February 22, 2016 - SG20 - Lung Nodules

Question 1

Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy

Answer 1

Periostitis of the small hand joints or the distal long bones.

Condition may occur primarily, or is often secondary to lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung carcinoma.

Often get clubbing.

Question 2

Prognosis for Stage 4 Lung Cancer

Answer 2

Median survival is 9 months.

Question 3

Types of Benign Nodules

Answer 3

Infectious granuloma - TB, histoplasmosis

Infections - abscess, PCP, aspergilloma

Benign neoplasms - hamartoma, lipoma, fibroma)

Vascular problems - AV malformation

Congenital - bronchogenic cyst

Inflammatory - granulomatosis with polyangitis, rheumatoid nodule, sarcoid

Question 4

AV Malformation

Answer 4

Arteriovenous malformation is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary system.

Can appear in the lungs and CNS.

Most are asymptomatic, but can lead to bleeding.

Usually congenital.

Question 5

DDx for Mediastinal Mass

Answer 5

Thyroid

Thymoma

Teratoma

“Terrible” Lymphoma

Question 6

DDx for Posterior Mass

Answer 6

Neurogenic tumor

Esophageal tumor

Diaphragmatic hernia

Question 7

DDx for Middle Mass

Answer 7

Aneurysm

Lymphadenopathy

Cyst

Question 8

Cushing Syndrome

Answer 8

Can be caused by some cancers such as small-cell lung cancer, pancreatic carcinomas, neural tumors, and thymomas.