IV, Blood Transfusion And DIC

Question 1

What is the rule we use for estimating fluid needs?

Answer 1

4-2-1 rule

Question 2

Explain the 4-2-1 rule

Answer 2

4mL/kg for the first 10kg of body weight, 2 for the next 10kg, and 1 for each 1kg

Question 3

When estimating fasting time, we calculate the Fasting fluid deficit, what do we do with it?

Answer 3

Replace half the deficit during the first hour of surgery

Question 4

What 3rd space loss do we assume for a major surgery?

Answer 4

4-6mL/Kg

Question 5

What 3rd space loss do we assume for a minor surgery?

Answer 5

2-3 mL/kg

Question 6

How to calculate 3rd space loss?

Answer 6

Multiply weight by the number assumption

Question 7

What is the hemoglobin trigger level for a transfusion?

Answer 7

Greater than 7

Question 8

Restrictive transfusion strategies require a hb value of ?

Answer 8

7+

Question 9

Liberal Transfusion stratetgies require an HB level of ?

Answer 9

Between 9/10

Question 10

Acute Hemolytic reactions are caused by?

Answer 10

ABO incompatibility

Question 11

Complications of Massive Blood Transfusion?

Answer 11

DIC, Hypothermia

Question 12

What are Isotonic fluids

Answer 12

Cause no net movement of water in or out

Question 13

What are Hypotonic fluids

Answer 13

Water moves into the cells, used when needing to hydrate cells

Question 14

Iso,hyper, and hypotonic fluids are classified as what?

Answer 14

Crystalloids

Question 15

Colloids are what

Answer 15

Gelatins, Albumin, and HES

Question 16

Crystalloids are given in what ratio for blood loss?

Answer 16

3:1

Question 17

Colloids are given in what ratio for blood loss?

Answer 17

1:1

Question 18

When do we give FFP?

Answer 18

Clotting factors for massive transfusion, liver diseases, and such

Question 19

When do we give cryoprecipitate in blood transfusions?

Answer 19

For hemophilia or hypofibrinogenemia

Question 20

When do we give platelets in blood transfusions

Answer 20

When there is a significant bleeding risk

Question 21

What is the ratio of RBCs, FFP, and platelets in massive blood transfusions?

Answer 21

1:1:1

Question 22

Commonest acute complication of blood transfusion

Answer 22

Febrile non hemolytic reaction, presents as fever and chills

Question 23

Which blood transfusion complication is caused by ABO incompatibility?

Answer 23

Acute Hemolytic reaction

Question 24

Most serious acute blood transfusion complication?

Answer 24

TRALI, transfusion related acute lung injury

Question 25

Define massive blood transfusion

Answer 25

More than 10 units of packed RBCS within 24 hours.

Question 26

Complications of massive transfusion?

Answer 26

DIC or Hypothermia