Bowel Habits And Bleeding Per Rectum Flashcards
Fresh blood would mean the lesion is where?
Distal (anal canal or rectum)
Altered blood would mean the lesion is where?
Proximal lesion
Hemorrhoids signs
Bleeding after defecation and lump coming out of anus
Anal Fissures signs?
Blood streaks on stool
IBD signs?
Blood and mucous diarrhea
Diverticular disease signs?
Large volume of blood and painless
Explain 1st degree hemorrhoids
No prolapse just prominent vessels
Explain 2nd degree hemorrhoids
Prolapse but spontaneously go back in
Explain 3rd degree hemorrhoids?
Prolapse and have to be pushed back in
Explain 4th degree hemorrhoids
Cannot be pushed back in
What is the dietary treatment for hemorrhoids
Increase fluids and fibers and do sports
What is the office treatment for grades 1-2 hemorrhoid
Rubber Band Ligation
What are Anal Fissures
Linear tears in the anal mucosa, exposing the internal sphincter
Where are Anal fissures most common in men
Posterior midline
Where are Anal Fissures most common in females?
Anterior midline
Clinical picture of Anal Fissure
Bleeding, pain, spasm, constipation and discharge
Acute Anal Fissure treatment
Spontaneous healing, and Sodium Tetradecyl sulphate
Chronic anal fissure treatment
Lateral sphinctrotomy
Colorectal cancer Barium enema scan shows?
Apple core deformity
How do we assess staging and respectability of tumor?
CT and MRI scans
Who are most common to have ischemic colitis
Elderly patients with CVD
What is Diverticulosis?
Pouches coming out of the colon/intestine
Diverticulosis is assessed via which classification?
Hinchey Classification
Hinchey stage 1
Small confined abscess
Hinchey stage 2?
Abscess extends into pelvis or other areas
Hinchey stage 3?
Abscess is discharging liquids
Hinchey stage 4?
Feces are discharging and everything has gone to shit
Diagnostic procedure of choice for Acute Diverticulitis?
CT Scan
Why is Endoscopy avoided in Diverticulitis?
Risk of perforation
Hinchey stage 1 Diverticulitis treatment?
Bowel rest and antibiotics
Hinchey stage 2 treatment?
CT guided drainage, and then surgical resection. Hartmann Procedure
The most common cause of signification lower git bleeding is Diverticular hemorrhage, what’s the treatment?
Immediate resuscitation. If still unstable, Early Angiography
Which people does ischemic colitis present in?
Elderly patients with CVD
What are causes of rectal bleeding?
Hemerrhoids, anal fissure, diverticular disease
Complications of hemorrhoids?
Strangulation, gangrene, thrombosis
Colorectal cancer surgical treatment
Hemicolectomy
