Breast Mass Flashcards
Step 1 of breast development?
An ingrowth of primary tissue bud arises in the mesenchyme
Step 2 of breast development
The primary bud develops 15-20 secondary buds
What develops, from the secondary buds?
Epithelial cords
Lactiferous ducts develop and open into what?
A shallow mammary pit
What happens if a mammary pit fails to elevate above skin level?
Inverted nipple
Amastia, i.e absence of the breast, is rare, but what causes it
Mammary ridge stops developing at the 6th fetal week
What is Poland’s syndrome.
Absence of the breast, and rib defects, in which they are not there or inwards
What is a Mamogram
Breast X-Ray for women over 35
We often do routine mamograms for women, what are the indications
Every year after they reach 50
When we find lesions through mamograms, what differentiates benign from malignant
Benign is a round, fat containing lesion. Malignant is a distorted linear lesion.
What investigation do we do for women younger than 35?
Ultra sound
Ultra sound can differentiate between what…?
Cystic and solid masses
What, when added to an US, can differentiate between benign and malignant lesions
Doppler
What is the guiding principle of treating chest infections??
Giving antibiotics immediately. To stop abscess formation
What is Mastitis Neonatorum?
Continued enlargement of breast bud in first week or two of life
What is the cause of infection in Mastitis Neonatorum?
Staphylococcus Aureus
How do we Treat early stage mastitis?
Antibiotics
If mastitis is in a localized collection, what is treatment?
US, incision and then drainage obv
Acute lactational infections are caused by?
Staphylococcus/streptococcus
When do Acute lactational infections most commonly happen?
Following a first pregnancy during the breast feeding stage
How do we treat acute lactational infections?
Amoxicillin mostly
When we do an US to monitor acute lactational infections and find Abscess, what do we do?
Incision, repeated aspiration and antibiotics
In acute lactational infections, do we stop breastfeeding?
No.
Why don’t we stop breastfeeding in acute lactational infections?
Because it promotes drainage and resolve infection
Who do we see Periareolar infections in?
Young cigarette smokers
Breast Fat necrosis is associated with what as causes
Trauma or radiation
What is the most common benign tumor?
Fibroadenoma
What fibroadenoma size is considered a disease?
3+cm, anything more than 1cm is a “Disorder”
Fibroadenoma surgical treatment?
Excision through a circumareolar entry
Phyllodes tumor surgery?
Mastectomy
Where do Intraductal papillomas arise?
Lactiferous duct
Intraductal papilloma biggest sign?
Serous or bloody nipple discharge.
Treatment for Intraductal papillomas
Central duct excision
What is Duct Ectasia?
A syndrome which describes dilated sub-areolar ducts that are palpable and associated with thick nipple discharge.
Duct Ectasia treatment?
Central duct excision
