isomers

Question 1

what kind of isomer?

Answer 1

Question 2

what type of isomer?

Answer 2

Question 3

what type of isomer?

Answer 3

Question 4

what type of isomer?

Answer 4

Question 5

what does chiral mean?

Answer 5

have a non-superimposable (non-identical) mirror image

Question 6

what does achiral mean?

Answer 6

mirrored image is identical to self

Question 7

are these molecules chiral or achiral?

Answer 7

chiral

Question 8

what are examples of chiral objects?

Answer 8

cars
shoes
feet

Question 9

what are examples of achiral objects?

Answer 9

glass cup

Question 10

what is the definition of enantiomers?

Answer 10

a type of stereoisomer that involves the relationship between two mirrored objects

Question 11

what are the requirements for a carbon to be chiral?

Answer 11

chiral carbon must be bonded to 4 different groups

Question 12

is this a chiral carbon?

Answer 12

no, the carbon does not contain 4 different bonds

Question 13

is this chiral carbon?

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

of all these carbon bonds, are any chiral?

Answer 14

Question 15

of these carbon bonds, are any chiral?

Answer 15

Question 16

of these carbon bonds, are any chiral?

Answer 16

Question 17

of these carbon bonds, are any chiral?

Answer 17

Question 18

of these carbon bonds, are any chiral?

Answer 18

Question 19

of these carbon bonds, are any chiral?

Answer 19

Question 20

label the relationships between all of these

Answer 20

Question 21

what is a diastereomer?

Answer 21

stereoisomer that is not an enantiomer (not ALL hashes are wedges of the other molecule or vice versa)
need 2 chiral carbons for there to be a diastereomer

Question 22

what is the relationship between the hashes and wedges of enantiomers?

Answer 22

wherever one wedge is, there is a hash on the other molecule and vice versa

Question 23

is there a chiral carbon?

Answer 23

Question 24

is there a chiral carbon?

Answer 24

Question 25

Answer 25

Question 26

Answer 26

Question 27

why is it that we need to know and understand about chiral carbons?

Answer 27

our bodies can tell the difference between one chiral enantiomer from the next

(can’t fit the wrong chiral molecule into the enzyme that specifically wants the right one)

Question 28

some enantiomers of drugs have one active enantiomer and one non-active, when this is the case, what must the non-active one be to be safe?

Answer 28

the non-active one must do nothing harmful to the body in order for it to be safe to consume in a 50/50 solution without needing for separating

Question 29

what was the drug we talked about in class that was previously used to treat pregnant mothers’ morning sickness?

Answer 29

Thalidomide

Question 30

who positioned against the use of thalidomide and why? were they right?

Answer 30

Frances Kelsey; because not enough testing was done on pregnant mothers
yes; after time, it was found that it caused 50 percent fetal fatality or birth defects