Carboxylic acid, salts, amides, ester reactions Flashcards
do alcohols have higher boiling points than carboxylic acids?
no, because carboxylic acids have an extra oxygen that makes it have stronger IMFs which give it a higher boiling point
rank the highest boiling point of the two
would have the higher bp
rank these in order from strongest to weakest IMFs: alcohols, amines, carboxylic acids
rank these in order for highest bp: carboxylic acid, carboxylate salts, ester, primary amide, secondary amide, tertiary amide
carboxylate salts > primary amide > secondary amide > tertiary amide > carboxylic acid > ester
If you have a drug that is a carboxylic acid, how can you make it easier to dissolve into the bloodstream?
turning the carboxylic acid into a salt by hydrolyzing it or adding a base
what does butric acid smell like?
rancid butter or vomit
what does caproic acid smell like?
wet goat
what are the names of reactants and what would the product be/named?
what are the names of reactants and what would the product be/named?
what does esterification require?
what are the names of reactants and what would the product be/named?
what does amidation consist of?
does amidation of a tertiary amine work? why?
no, it stops at an ammonium carboxylate because the nitrogen cannot gain anymore covalent bonds, so it instead gains a charge
how does a polyamide form?
how does a polyester form?
what does acidic ester hydrolysis consist of?
it is the opposite of esterification
what is another name for basic ester hydrolysis?
saponification
what does basic ester hydrolysis consist of?
what does acidic amide hydrolysis consist of?
what does basic amide hydrolysis consist of?
how does grease get washed away with soap?
soap particles are called micelle (like micelle water)
Grease is trapped within the nonpolar inside of the micelle. Michelle helps bridge the gap between polar and nonpolar. Since the outside of the sphere is nonpolar, it can be washed away with water, carrying the grease with it.
how does penicillin structure allow for each enzyme bonding?
Penicillin has ring strain due to the cyclobutene. This makes it more reactive, enabling it to attach to inactive enzymes, activating them.
