Aldehydes and ketones

Question 1

common name?

Answer 1

Question 2

common name?

Answer 2

Question 3

common name?

Answer 3

Question 4

common name?

Answer 4

formaldehyde

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

what is the IUPAC method for naming aldehydes?

Answer 7

lose “e”
add “al”

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

what would cyclopentanal look like?

Answer 9

does not exist because cyclic aldehydes cannot exist

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

what is the simplest ketone? its name?

Answer 11

Question 12

what is the common naming method for ketones?

Answer 12

alkyl + alkyl + “ketone”

(similar to ethers)

Question 13

Answer 13

Question 14

what is the IUPAC naming method for ketones?

Answer 14

lose “e”
add “one”

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

Answer 18

when O is double bonded to a parent chain, it has -oxo- as substituent name

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

Answer 20

Question 21

if a parent chain has 3-12 carbons, what state is it at room temperature typically?

Answer 21

liquid

Question 22

if a parent chain has more than 12 carbons, what state is it at room temperature typically?

Answer 22

solid

Question 23

why is it that ketones are only ever H-bond acceptors and never donors?

Answer 23

they don’t have a hydrogen directly adjacent to the oxygen for it to donate

Question 24

why is it that all H-bond donors can also be acceptors?

Answer 24

If they have a hydrogen to give, it means they must have an adjacent oxygen to receive H-bonds.

Question 25

which is acting as the H-bond donor and which is the H-bond acceptor?

Answer 25

Question 26

which is acting as the H-bond donor and which is the H-bond acceptor?

Answer 26

Question 27

Answer 27

Question 28

what is the name of one common oxidizing agent?

Answer 28

potassium dichromate

Question 29

Answer 29

Question 30

Answer 30

Question 31

what is the purpose of Tollen’s test?

Answer 31

test for presence of any aldehydes

Question 32

what does Tollen’s test require?

Answer 32

tollen’s reagent
strong base

Question 33

Answer 33

Question 34

what does Fehling’s test show positive for?

Answer 34

aliphatic aldehydes
alpha hydroxy ketones

Question 35

do aromatic aldehydes show positive on Fehling’s test?

Answer 35

no, aliphatic aldehydes do

Question 36

what are the agents within Fehling’s test?

Answer 36

Question 37

Answer 37

Question 38

is this an aromatic aldehyde?

Answer 38

yes

Question 39

is this an aromatic aldehyde?

Answer 39

no

Question 40

is this an aromatic aldehyde?

Answer 40

no

Question 41

Answer 41

Question 42

Answer 42

Question 43

Answer 43

Question 44

Answer 44

hemiacetal

Question 45

Answer 45

acetal

Question 46

Answer 46

hydrate

Question 47

find the acetal/hemiacetal/hydrate

Answer 47

Question 48

include the entire reaction, starting at this point to get an acetal

Answer 48

Question 49

Answer 49

Question 50

Answer 50