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Jason's Endocrine Block > Iodine Metabolism > Flashcards

Iodine Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

Iodine is abundant where?

A

sea, low on land

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2
Q

how much iodine needed per day?

A

150ug

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3
Q

Thyrotropin releasing hormone aka?

A

TRH

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4
Q

Thyrotropin aka?

A

TSH

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5
Q

Cretinism is?

A

maternal iodine deficiency causing congenitcal condition

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6
Q

iodine-131 does what to thyroid?

A

destroy

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7
Q

thyroid hormones operate via? act on?

A
  • operate via membrane receptors

- direct activation of genes in DNA

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8
Q

Iodine used externally as?

A

antiseptic

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9
Q

Active form I2 is a?

A

potent oxidizer

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10
Q

iodinated contrast avoided with who?

A

patients with possible thyroid carcinoma, interferes with post-operative radioactive iodine

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11
Q

how much iodine do we have in our body?

A

20mg

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12
Q

top 3 sources of iodine?

A

kelp
marine fish
shellfish

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13
Q

upper limit for iodine per day?

A

1100ug/day

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14
Q

What are goitrogens? examples?

A

inhibit iodide uptake:

soy, cabbage, kale, broccoli

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15
Q

Cretinism preventable?

A

Yes, mothers need iodine

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16
Q

iodine fortification in food include?

A

salt

bread

17
Q

Thyroid hormone alters energy levels via elevating?

A 
ATP
Acetyl-CoA
NADH
NADPH
enzymes synthesis
18
Q

how much T4 and T3 % does thyroid make?

A

80% T4

20% T3

19
Q

precursor to T3 and T4?

A

tyrosine in the protein thyroglobulin

20
Q

condensations of DITs and MITs to form T3 and T4 catalysed by?

A

thyroperoxidase

21
Q

Half life of T4

T3?

A

T4: 6-9 days
T3: 24-36 hours

22
Q

what to do with excess iodine?

A

reverse T3 (3,3’,5): inactive to dump

23
Q

what is the uptaker for iodine?

A

NIS (Sodium/iodine symport)

24
Q

What drives the NIS for iodine uptake?

A

TSH-receptor activation and cAMP 2ndary messenger

25
Q

iodine-131 emits?

A

beta particles

26
Q

Propylthiouracil/methimazole inhibit what?

A

thyroperoxidase

27
Q

Grave’s Disease does what?

A

auto-antibodies activated TSH receptor = +++Thyroid hormone

28
Q

T4 to T3 in liver happens how?

A

via Type 1 deiodinase

29
Q

T4 to T3 in brain happens how?

A

via type 2 deiodinase

30
Q

T4 to T3 in brown adipose, pituitary happens how?

A

within cells

31
Q

thyroid hormone receptors in DNA do what? what happens when T3 gets in?

A

usually repress

T3 takes away inhibition

32
Q

How long for T3 to produce an effect? lasts how long?

A

1-10 hours

lasts a few days

33
Q

hyperthyroidism symptoms?

A 
difficulty sleeping
heat intolerance
infertility
irritability
muscle weakness
nervousness
scant menstrual periods
34
Q

hypothyroidism symptoms

A 
arthritis
cold intolerance
depression
dry skin
fatigue
forgetfulness
heavy menstrual periods
infertility
muscle aches

Jason's Endocrine Block (20 decks)

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