Bones Joints Neck

Question 0

what 3 things in the carotid sheath?

Answer 0

carotid artery
jugular vein
Vagus Nerve

Question 1

4 suboccipital muscles?

Answer 1

rectus capitis major
minor
superior oblique
inferior oblique

Question 2

C1 and C2 nerve roots pass where?

Answer 2

behind the facet joints

Question 3

below C2 nerve roots pass?

Answer 3

in front of facet joints

Question 4

whats the difference between internal and external carotids in neck?

Answer 4

external gives off branches

Question 5

vessels, what happens at C4?

Answer 5

common carotid bifurcation

Question 6

vertebral arteries in which foraminae?

Answer 6

C6-C1

Question 7

what is the carotid tubercle?

Answer 7

anterior tubercle of C6

Question 8

cervical disc main purpose?

Answer 8

prevent forward slip and rotation

Question 9

what guides movement on c-spine vertebrae?

Answer 9

uncinate processes/joints of Luschka

Question 10

what is less common C-spine than L-spine re: discs? usual cause?

Answer 10

prolapse

trauma

Question 11

synovial facet joints are innervated by?

Answer 11

posterior rami

Question 12

causes of facet joint injury?

Answer 12

whiplash

hyperextension

Question 13

what allows nodding?

Answer 13

atlanto-occipital joints (synovial)

Question 14

what are the 3 synovial joints for rotation of atanto-axial joint?

Answer 14

1. median pivot between dens and anterior arch of atlas
2. lateral facet
3. lateral facet
   50% of cervical rotation

Question 15

supraspinous ligament becomes what near superior C-spine?

Answer 15

ligamentum nuchae

Question 16

ligamentum flavum becomes what near superior C-spine?

Answer 16

posterior atlanto-occipital membrane

Question 17

anterior longitudinal ligament becomes what near superior C-spine?

Answer 17

anterior atlanto-occipital membrane

Question 18

posterior longitudinal ligament becomes what near superior C-spine?

Answer 18

membrana tectoria

Question 19

all c-spine ligaments resist what movements?

Answer 19

flex-ext

Question 20

what prevents posterior translation of dens?

Answer 20

transverse ligament

Question 21

what ‘check’s rotation of atlas on dens?

Answer 21

alar ligaments

Question 22

what is hangman’s fracture?

Answer 22

both pedicles fractured due to hyperextension in trauma

Question 23

what is a Jefferson fracture?

Answer 23

fall onto vertex of skull (shallow dive) causing bilateral ant. arches + pedicle fractures

Question 24

What 2 muscles in the investing layer?

Answer 24

Trapezius

SCM

Question 25

What is located in the pretracheal layer?

Answer 25

thyroid gland

deep neck flexors

Question 26

what is the cervical fascial layer with muscles close to the vertebra called?

Answer 26

prevertebral layer

Question 27

what is in the superficial facia layer of the neck?

Answer 27

fat cutaneous nerves, veins

Question 28

What do neck fascial layer allow?

Answer 28

tracking of abcesses, infections in that compartment

Question 29

what maintains the neck lordosis?

Answer 29

post-vertebral muscles

Question 30

why C2 bifid spinous process?

Answer 30

increase surface area for muscle attachments

Question 31

tubercles of c-spine?

Answer 31

1. Anterior

2. Posterior

Question 32

where is vertebra prominens?

Answer 32

C7

Question 33

articular surfaces oriented at?

Answer 33

45 degrees

Question 34

uncinate process from which vertebrae?

Answer 34

C3-6

Question 35

Scalenus anterior origin and attachment? which compartment?

Answer 35

C3-6 to first rib

deep to prevertebral fascia

Question 36

2 structures go through space between ant and medius scalene:

Answer 36

subclavian artery

brachial plexus

Question 37

which muscle helps maintain cervical lordosis?

Answer 37

longus colli

Question 38

% of people with cervical rib?

Answer 38

1% elongation of anterior tubercle causing nerve entrapment

Question 39

Atlas has no?

Answer 39

body

Question 40

atlas has longest?

Answer 40

transverse processes

Question 41

what is the ‘body’ of C1?

Answer 41

the dense/odontoid process