Anatomy of the Neck

Question 1

anterior neck defined as?

Answer 1

lower border of mandible to manubrium

Question 2

posterior neck defined as?

Answer 2

superior nuchal line to C7-T1 disc

Question 3

Vertebral fascial compartment contains and where?

Answer 3

posterior

postural muscles and vertebrae

Question 4

Vascular fascial compartment where? contains?

Answer 4

laterally

carotid sheath

Question 5

Visceral/pretracheal fascial compartment of neck is where? contains?

Answer 5

Anterior
Thyroid, parathyroid
thymus
trachea
esophagus

Question 6

superficial fascial compartment where? contains?

Answer 6

Anteriorly
platysma
subcutaneous fat

Question 7

external jugular vein path?

Answer 7

starts at angle of mandible, descends along SCM

Question 8

What is in the investing layer of fascial compartment? where does it surround?

Answer 8

surrounds all cylinders
splits to enclose:
Trapezius
SCM

Question 9

pre-tracheal fascia attaches to what? so what?

Answer 9

Hyoid bone. Anything in that compartment will move with swallowing, eg. thyroid

Question 10

two fascias near the tracheal?

Answer 10

pre-tracheal

buccopharyngeal

Question 11

what do the spaces between the neck fascial compartments significant?

Answer 11

leads to mediastinum, infection spread risk

Question 12

neck Anterior triangle borders?

Answer 12

SCM
inferior border ot mandible
midline of neck

Question 13

neck posterior triangle borders

Answer 13

behind SCM
in front of traps
above middle 1/3 clavicle

Question 14

anterior vertebral strap muscles lie where?

Answer 14

between investing fascia and

pre-tracheal fascia

Question 15

2 groups of anterior vertebral strap muscles?

Answer 15

supra hyoid

infrahyoid

Question 16

anterior vertebral strap muscles innervation?

Answer 16

anterior rami of cervical nerves

Ansa cervicalis

Question 17

suprahyoid muscles connect what?

Answer 17

hyoid to skull

floor of mouth

Question 18

carotid sinus and body is in the internal or external carotid artery?

Answer 18

internal

Question 19

bifurcation of common carotid level?

Answer 19

C3-4

Question 20

6 branches off external carotid?

Answer 20

3 off front:
superior thyroid artery
lingual
facial
2 off back:
superior auricular
occipital arteries
1 deep
ascending pharyngeal artery

Question 21

internal jugular is medial or lateral to arteries in carotid sheath?

Answer 21

lateral

Question 22

cranial nerves 9,10,11 direction after it exits through jugular foramen?

Answer 22

IX forward to oropharynx
X down into carotid sheath
XI back to accessory

Question 23

somatic sensory vagus innervates?

Answer 23

mucous membrane of larynx

Question 24

branchial motor vagus innervates?

Answer 24

muscles of pharynx, larynx, soft palate

Question 25

CN XII damage mean tongue deviates?

Answer 25

towards lesion

Question 26

thyroid isthmus is between which tracheal rings?

Answer 26

2,3,4

Question 27

location of thyroid lobes?

Answer 27

laterally between thyroid cartilage and 6th tracheal ring

Question 28

what can goiter compress to structures around trachea?

Answer 28

1. trachea
2. esophagus
3. recurrent laryngeal nerve
4. internal jugular vein

Question 29

recurrent laryngeal nerve is embedded into?

Answer 29

thyroid fascia

Question 30

10% of people there is what kind of blood supply to thyroid?

Answer 30

thyroid ima artery along the isthmus

Question 31

2 paired arteries supply the thyroid?

Answer 31

paired superior thyroid arteries (ext. carotids)

paired inferior thyroid arteries (subclavian)

Question 32

3 pairs of veins of thyroid?

Answer 32

superior
middle
inferior
thyroid arteries

Question 33

origin of thyroid?

Answer 33

tongue/ foramen caecum

Question 34

Scalenus medius and anterior are which fascia?

Answer 34

deep to prevertebral fascia

Question 35

XI passes where to get to traps?

Answer 35

between or through SCM crosses on levator scap

Question 36

roots of brachial plexus pass between?

Answer 36

Scalenus medius and anterior

Question 37

2 important lymph nodes:

Answer 37

J-D jugulo-digastric node

J-O jugulo-omohyoid node (sentinel node)