Introduction to the Brainstem Flashcards
What is the sensory function of CN7?
taste (ant 2/3 of tongue)
Which is the only CN that is crossed?
4
What is the solitary nucleus for?
taste- CN7, 9, 10
Basically, what does the middle cerebellar peduncle connect?
the cerebellum to the pons
Most cranial nerve lesions will have deficits _____ to the lesion.
ipsilateral
What CNs and nuclei comprise the corneal blink reflex?
- afferent = spinal nucleus of V
- efferent = motor nucleus of 7
Which CNs are found at the midbrain?
- 3
- 4
What part of the ventricular system travels thru the rostral medulla?
the 4th ventricle
Pre-para innervation to the heart, thoracic, and abdom viscera?
dorsal motor nucleus of 10 (vagus)
What is the major distinguishing feature of the ventral surface of the midbrain?
the peduncles
Name the tract:
- Info carried: fine touch, vibration, proprioception
- X: mid-medulla
DCML
The basal plate becomes the _____ of the spinal cord.
ventral horn
What does the spinal nucleus of V carry?
pain/temperature for the face
(LR6SO4)3
all extraocular muscles are innervated by CN3 EXCEPT Lateral Rectus (CN6) and Superior Oblique (CN4)
What tests CN3?
the pupillary light reflex test (constriction of pupils in reaction to light)
What is the function of the nucleus ambiguous?
motor vagal neurons to muscles of the pharynx, larynx, stylopharyngeus muscle
What happens sometimes when the nucleus of CN6 is damaged?
the axons of CN7 also get damaged
Where is the superior colliculus found? What is its function?
- on the dorsal surface of the midbrain
- visual reflexes
What part of the ventricular system travels thru the midbrain?
the cerebral aqueduct
At the level of the medulla, what is the corticospinal tract traveling thru?
the pyramids
What info does the DCML carry? Where does it decussate?
- fine touch, vibration, proprioception
- X: mid-medulla
What info does the corticospinal tract carry? Where does it decussate?
- motor
- X: the base of the medulla (the spinomedullary junction)
CN3 emerges btw which 2 blood vessels?
the superior cerebellar and the posterior cerebral arteries
What does the mesencephalic nucleus of V carry?
proprioceptive info for the face
Name the 3 major spinal cord pathways.
- corticospinal tract
- DCML
- ALS
What is the motor function of CN7?
muscles of facial expression
Which CN nuclei are found in the midbrain?
- 3
- Edinger-Westfall nucleus
- 4
An uncal herniation can cause a CN___ palsy.
3
Basically, what does the inferior cerebellar peduncle connect?
the cerebellum to the medulla
The alar plate becomes the _____ of the spinal cord.
dorsal horn
What does the main sensory nucleus of V carry?
fine touch and vibration for the face
Which CNs are found at the pons?
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
At the level of the midbrain, what is the corticospinal tract traveling thru?
the cerebral peduncles
What is a peduncle?
a collection of tracts that travel together (a stalk)
What info does the ALS carry? Where does it decussate?
- pain and temp
- X: spinal cord
Motor vagal neurons to muscles of the pharynx, larynx, stylopharyngeus muscle?
nucleus ambiguous
Basically, what does the superior cerebellar peduncle connect?
the cerebellum to the midbrain (and thalamus)
Old Opie Occasionally Tries Trigonometry And Feels Very Gloomy, Vague And Hypoactive
olfactory (I), optic (II), oculomotor (III), trochlear (IV), trigeminal (V), abducens (VI), facial (VII), vestibulocochlear (VIII), glossopharyngeal (IX), vagus (X), accessory (XI), hypoglossal (XII)
Which CNs are found at the medulla?
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
CN12 emerges btw the ____ and ____.
pyramid and olive
What CN loops around CN6?
7
What is the function of the dorsal motor nucleus of 10?
pre-para to the heart, thoracic, and abdom viscera
Which CN nuclei are found in the pons?
- 5 (mesencephalic, main motor, main sensory, and spinal nuclei)
- 6
- 7
- 8 (cochlear and vestibular nuclei)
What part of the ventricular system travels thru the pons?
the 4th ventricle
Which is the largest and most lateral cerebellar peduncle?
the middle
What are the 2 DCML ascending nuclei in the spinal cord? Where are they located relative to each other? What info do they each carry?
- the fasciculus gracilis (lower limbs)- medial
- the fasciculus cuneatus (upper limb)- lateral
Where is the inferior colliculus found? What is its function?
- on the dorsal surface of the midbrain
- auditory reflexes
Which CN nuclei are found in the medulla?
- 9 (nucleus of solitary tract)
- 10 (nucleus of solitary tract, nucleus of vagus, ventral motor nucleus of vagus aka ambiguous)
- 12 (hypoglossal nucleus)
Name the tract:
- Info carried: pain and temp
- X: @ spinal cord
ALS
Which CN motor nuclei are found along the midline of the brainstem?
- 3
- 4
- 6
- 12
- *** (all factors of 12)
What comprises the tectum of the brainstem?
the superior and inferior colliculi
Name the tract:
- Info carried: motor
- X: the base of the medulla (the spinomedullary junction)
corticospinal
What CNs and nuclei comprise the pupillary light reflex?
- afferent = optic nerve
- efferent = parasymp division of 3 (Edinger-Westphal nucleus to ciliary ganglion)
What CNs and nuclei comprise the jaw jerk reflex?
- afferent = mesencephalic nucleus of V (stretch receptors of masseter)
- efferent = main motor nucleus of V
ASS BM =
alar sensory, sulcus limitans, basal motor
What CNs and nuclei comprise the gag reflex?
- afferent = 9 (sensory)
- efferent = 10 (nucleus ambiguous)
