INTRODUCTION TO NUTRITION Flashcards
● The study of food in relation to health.
● The science of food (nutrients and other
substances)
● Action, interaction and balance in relation to health
and diseases
nutrition
● Any substance, organic or inorganic
● Nourishes the body
● Building and repairing tissues
● Supplying heat and energy
● Regulating bodily processes.
food
A chemical component needed by the body
○ To provide energy
○ To build and repair tissues
○ To regulate life processes
nutrient
A condition of the body resulting from the utilization of essential nutrients.
nutritional status
Body has an adequate supply of essential nutrients, utilized growth and good health are maintained at the highest possible level.
optimum or good nutrition
Condition of the body resulting from lack of one or
more essential nutrients (nutritional deficiency)
malnutrition
The under consumption of energy or nutrient based on RDA and DRI values
undernutrition
Consumption of too many nutrients and too many energy compared w/ DRI levels
overnutrition
true or false: No single food contains all the essential nutrients in amounts needed for optimum health.
true
the most important nutrient
water
nutrient distribution in the body
60-20-20
60 - carbohydrate
20 - fat
20 - protein
- carbon containing compounds
- CHON, Fat, CHO & vitamins
organic
- without carbon
- minerals and water
inorganic
- CHON, CHO, fats & water
– present in large amounts in body
macro
- vitamins and trace minerals
– should be above 50 parts/million or above 0.005% of body weight
micro
___ need more carbohydrates
children
___ need more protein while ___ need iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin D, and iodine
males;
females
body size:
loose skin and lack muscle tone
endomorph
body size:
thinner and narrower
ectomorph
body size:
strong and fit body
mesomorph
Main source of energy
carbohydrates
RDA of carbohydrates
330 g daily
Major structural building blocks
protein
RDA of protein
100 g daily
- Energy storage
- Synthesis and repair of cell parts
fat
RDA of fat
75 g daily
- Solvent lubricant
- medium for transport and temperature regulation
water
RDA of water
2000 g daily
Enable chemical reactions in the body
vitamins
RDA of vitamins
< 300 mg daily
- Aid enzyme function
- electrical balance; generate nerve
impulses; bone structure
minerals
RDA of mineral
5-10 g daily
Nutrition can help you enhance your physical health, athletic performance, and fitness
physical science
It focuses on how the body utilizes food and the biochemical processes involved in digestion, absorption, metabolism, and the physiological effects of nutrients.
biological science
The relationship between nutrition and behavior is assuredly bi-directional. There is compelling evidence that nutritional status or even the intake of specific nutrients can influence behavior.
behavioral science
role of nurse:
● Maintaining lines of communication with the doctors
and dietician
● Interpret the diet to the patient
● Assisting patient at mealtimes
● Observing, recording and reporting patient’s
response
● Planning for home care.
hospital nurse
role of nurse:
● Helps in the selection of adequate and appropriate
diet by using educational approach which the
patient understands and accepts.
● In each clinic visit, help the patient gradually to
make necessary adjustments.
out-patient / clinic nurse
role of nurse:
● Nutrition education programs begin from
kindergarten until secondary schooling.
● May be able to help the mother when a child needs
guidance or has eating problems.
school nurse
role of nurse:
● Carry practical nutrition to many homes (evaluation
of individual food habits)
- Instruct on food preparation
● Guides the housekeeper in the selection of low cost
food.
community health nurse (CHN)
