ENTERAL AND PARENTERAL NUTRITION Flashcards
through the gastrointestinal system
enteral
through intravenous methods
parenteral
also known as tube feeding, is a
way of delivering nutrition
directly to your gastrointestinal
(GI) tract or small intestine
usually from a tube, catheter,
or stoma
enteral nutrition (EN)
uses of a feeding tube
- provide nutrition
- provide fluids
- provide medication
- decompressing the stomach
- removing stomach contents
types of tubes for enteral feeding
- nasogastric tube
- nasoenteric tube
- gastrostomy tube
- jejunostomy tube
- starts in the nose and ends in the stomach
- used for feeding clients who have adequate gastric emptying, and who require shorter-term feedings
nasogastric
- starts in the nose and ends in the intestines
- indicated for use in enteral nutrition in both gastric and small
intestine regions, such as the duodenum and jejunum. They
are ideal for short‐term feeding, especially patients at risk for
aspiration, reflux, and gastric emptying delay
nasoenteric
2 sub types of nasoenteric
nasoduodenal
nasojejunal
starts in the mouth and ends in the stomach
orogastric
starts in the mouth and ends in the intestines
oroenteric
- feeding tube inserted through a surgical opening in the neck and passed through the esophagus, with the tip resting in the stomach
- used for patients with head and neck cancer
esophagostomy
- placed through the skin of the abdomen straight to the stomach
- used when a patient cannot
or will not eat for longer than
four weeks and has a
functional gut
gastrostomy tube
subtypes of gastrostomy tube
PEG, button tubes
- placed through the skin of the abdomen straight into the jejunum intestines
- are useful for patients with contraindications to gastrostomy
jejunostomy tube
subtypes of jejunostomy tube
PEJ, PRJ tubes
is the most common complication of tube feeding usually caused by protein-energy malnutrition, medications, motility, infection, impaction, infusion rate, osmolality and bacterial contamination of formula
diarrhea