Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Pathology > Introduction to Clinical Pathology > Flashcards

Introduction to Clinical Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

what is clinical pathology

A

study of disease, pathophysiology, and treatment ina clinical environment by the use of laboratory assays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are some laboratory assays used in clinical pathology

A

CBC
coagulation assays
cytology samples
clinical chemistry assays/ urinalysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what assay is used to evaluate hematopoietic system

A

CBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what assay is used to evaluate hemostasis

A

coagulation assay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what assay is used to evaluate organs, tumors, lesions

A

cytology samples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what assay is used to evaluate renal, liver, respiratory, cardiovascular, GI, muscular-skeletal and endocrine systems

A

clinical chemistry assays / urinalysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

define pathogenesis

A

series of events that leads to disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what can alert a pathologic event

A

changes in tissues, cells, or fluids in abnormal lab data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the types of assays

A

qualitative
semiquantitative
quantitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which type of assay will tell you if something is present or absent / positive or negative

A

qualitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are some qualitative tests

A

urinalysis sediment with epithelial cells present
fat droplets detected in a pleural fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which assay will give an approximate concentration or estimate

A

semiquantitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are some examples of semiquantitative assays

A

platelet estimate on a blood film
urine dipstick measurement of certain analytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

which assay will attempt to get a concentration

A

quantitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

true or false:
a reference interval is a range of results we expect to see in healthy animals

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a reference interval

A

an interval between and including the 2 reference limits

17
Q

true or false:
it is difficult to determine normal values for an animal

A

true

18
Q

what are some variables that can change a reference interval interpretation

A

too many variable - can have results in WRI with pathological processes
many sick animals have normal data

19
Q

true or false:
an animal not WRI is not reason to suspect pathological state

A

false
an animal not WRI is a clue for presence of pathologic state

20
Q

what is calculated from a population or group of healthy adult animals of a given species for a given test

A

population-based reference intervals

21
Q

true or false:
because each WRI is established by each laboratory, you cannot apply ref. interval from other labs because different instruments and methods can give disparate results

A

true

22
Q

true or false:
all assay results may contain error

A

true

23
Q

what is the most common error found in assay results

A

preanalytical errors (50-75% of all errors)

24
Q

what is the goal of a quality assurance program

A

keep errors so small that they do not affect the interpretation of laboratory data

25
Q

which type of assay result error has test results only as good as the sample

A

preanalytical errors

26
Q

what are some reasons for preanalytical errors occurring

A

patient not prepared for sampling
poor collection of samples
incorrect collection container
poor sample handling

27
Q

which type of assay error is a result of poor analytical properties of the assay

A

analytical errors

28
Q

which type of assay error is a result of transcriptional and verbal report errors

A

post-analytical errors

29
Q

what determines analytical precision

A

the repeatability of a test/result

30
Q

what determines the analytical accuracy of a test

A

if known standards, does the assay produce the expected concentration

31
Q

what determines assay analytical specificity

A

the ability to detect analyte of interest when interfering substances are present

32
Q

what determines the analytical sensitivity of an assay

A

the ability to detect differences between concentrations

33
Q

what is the lowest detectable concentration

A

detection limit

34
Q

what is in whole blood

A

cells + plasma

35
Q

what is in plasma

A

93% water and proteins w/ fibrinogen

36
Q

what is in serum

A

plasma without fibrinogen

Clinical Pathology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions