Intro to Pain

Question 1

tissue sensitization to pain called?

Answer 1

hyperalgesia

nociceptor threshold reduced

Question 2

TRPV1 for 3 things?

Answer 2

Acid
Capsaicin
Temperature

Question 3

inflamatory response causes what induction?

Answer 3

COX2

Question 4

Aspirin and NSAIDS inhibit what?

Answer 4

PG synthesis

Question 5

Hyperalgesia is what kind of shift in curve graph?

Answer 5

left -shift

Question 6

a-d fibres?

Answer 6

fast, sharp, acute, pricking

Question 7

C-fibres?

Answer 7

slow, aching, throbbing

Question 8

what excites, what inhibits in spinal cord?

Answer 8

Glutamate/aspartate - excite

GABA/Glycine - inhibit

Question 9

which receptor is low pain threshold?

Answer 9

AMPA

Question 10

which receptor is high pain threshold?

Answer 10

NMDA

Question 11

prolonged NMDA activation problem?

Answer 11

chronic activation with Mg2+ displacement
opiod resistance
‘wind up’’

Question 12

how to treat NMDA receptor chronic activation?

Answer 12

Ketamine

Question 13

How does gate control inhibit pain?

Answer 13

via endorphins

Question 14

opiods mechanism?

Answer 14

pre-synaptic to decrease NT

post-synaptical to hyperpolarise nerve roots

Question 15

Tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline what kind?

Answer 15

5HT reuptake inhibitor, good for central algesia

Question 16

stim of periaqueductal grey matter?

Answer 16

profound analgesia via

endogenous opioids

Question 17

Lamotrine for?

Answer 17

facial neuropathic pain

Question 18

chronic pain definition?

Answer 18

pain more than 3 months after trauma

Question 19

what happens with mutation of sodium channel Na-v1.7?

Answer 19

absence of pain

Question 20

what is stargazing gene mutation do??

Answer 20

increased susceptibility to neuropathic pain

Question 21

codeine metabolism deficiency in what enzyme?

Answer 21

CYP2D6

Question 22

morphine comes from?

Answer 22

opium

Question 23

big opium side effect?

Answer 23

ventilatory depression
drowsiness and sedation
constipation

Question 24

what is multimodal analgesia?

Answer 24

combine smaller opioids with non-opioids

Question 25

what is pre-emptive analgesia?

Answer 25

prior to injury so less pain meds post surgery

Question 26

what is regional anaesthesia?

Answer 26

eg. brachial plexus block with lignocaine

Question 27

first anaesthetic?

Answer 27

cocaine

Question 28

what is an intranasal opioid to give to kids?

Answer 28

fentanyl

Question 29

migraine meds?

Answer 29

analgesics | vasoconstrictors

Question 30

labour pain?

Answer 30

inhaled NO

Question 31

opioids for labour pain?

Answer 31

nope

Question 32

spinal anaesthesia target?

Answer 32

dorsal horn