HIV 3

Question 1

4 types of HIV drugs

Answer 1

1. fusion/entry
2. reverse transcriptase inhibitor
3. integrase inhibitor
4. protease inhibitor

Question 2

3 places for HIV attachment intervention?

Answer 2

1. CD4
2. coreceptor: R5 maraviroc, X4 AMD-11070
3. fusion: T20 = enfuvirtide

Question 3

what is reversible x4 and R5 selection?

Answer 3

If only give R5 drug, more X4 and vice versa

Question 4

nucleoside is?

Answer 4

no phosphate groups on 5’ side

Question 5

what is needed for substrate DNA polymerisation?

Answer 5

nucleotide triphosphate

Question 6

Acyclovir is nucleoside analogue for?

Answer 6

guanosine

treat HSV

Question 7

acyclovir lacks what?

Answer 7

3’ hydroxyl group needed to form DNA polymer

Question 8

what is ribavirin?

Answer 8

broad spectrum viral guanosine analogue

Question 9

ribavirin used in?

Answer 9

RSV
influenza
Lassa, Ebola
Hep C

Question 10

what is NRTI?

Answer 10

nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for HIV-1

Question 11

problem with NRTI for HIV?

Answer 11

drug resistance is used alone

can’t eliminate virus completely

Question 12

first NRTI for HIV?

Answer 12

Zidovidine (AZT)

Question 13

AZT/Zidovidine is what kind of analogue?

Answer 13

thymidine

Question 14

commonality of NRTIs?

Answer 14

all lack the OH group on the 3’ position

Question 15

what is NNRTI?

Answer 15

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Question 16

what to NNRTI target?

Answer 16

directly inhibit the RT enzyme

Question 17

what do integrase bind to in HIV?

Answer 17

binds to viral cDNA and catalytically processes 3’ ends, to make Long teminal repeats (LTR) circles

Question 18

protease inhibitors do what?

Answer 18

bind via peptidomimetics to enzyme active site preventing cleavage and thus maturation of HIV particle

Question 19

name a NNRTI?

Answer 19

delavirdine

Question 20

Zalcitabine is?

Answer 20

NRTI

Question 21

what are indinavir and Nelfinavir and Ritonavir?

Answer 21

protease inhibitors

Question 22

what is raltegravir?

Answer 22

integrase inhibitor

Question 23

what is enfuvirtude (T20)?

Answer 23

entry inhibitor

Question 24

long term complications of HAART?

Answer 24

lipoatrophy
lipodystrophy
neuropathy

Question 25

HAART for mother help baby how?

Answer 25

prevent transmission during breast feeding

Question 26

when in HAART, what happens to CD4+?

Answer 26

partly recover

Question 27

how to reveal undetectable viral load?

Answer 27

HIV RNA assays

Question 28

why does HAART fail to cure HIV?

Answer 28

latent virus in resting memoery T-cells and other reservoirs (Gut, brain, testis)

Question 29

HIV and T-regs?

Answer 29

loss of regulatory cells

Question 30

what elevates risk of non-AIDS co-morbidities in HIV?

Answer 30

chronic immune activation and chronic inflamation