Histo-Path Lymph, Skin, Breast

Question 1

what kind of immune response does germinal centres indicate?

Answer 1

humoral response

Question 2

what happens to CD antigens during B-cell/T-cell maturation?

Answer 2

antigens change as they differentiate: used for classification

Question 3

spleen red pulp for?

Answer 3

remove via macrophages old and abnormal RBCs

Question 4

spleen white pulp for?

Answer 4

immune responses to circulating antigens

Question 5

what does schirrous mean?

Answer 5

firm due to +++ desmoplastic stroma

Question 6

what kind of breast carcinoma demonstrates schirrous and stellate appearance?

Answer 6

ductal carcinomas

Question 7

2 layers of ductal cells in breast:

Answer 7

1. flattened myoepithelial cells

2. inner columnar secretory cells

Question 8

Tumour grade

Answer 8

how quickly likely to grow and matastasise

Question 9

consequence of nodal metastasis?

Answer 9

can’t cure surgically

Question 10

what is lymphovascular invasion?

Answer 10

likelihood of metastases

Question 11

pathological calcification in breast called?

Answer 11

dystrophic calcification

Question 12

palpable mass in ductal/lobular carcinoma in situ?

Answer 12

Not frequently

Question 13

when remove suture?

Answer 13

depends on vascularity or area
need enough granulation to hold firm
5-10 days

Question 14

what acanthosis?

Answer 14

thickening of epidermis

Question 15

what is parakeratosis?

Answer 15

retention of nuclei in keratin layer

loss of granular layer

Question 16

difference between hyperplasia and dysplasia?

Answer 16

dysplasia: changes in genetic mutations
hyperplasia: controlled via cytokines