Intro to Competency-Based Assessment Model Flashcards
Emphasizes the importance of identifying client competencies, and it focuses on assets instead of deficits
Competency-based practice
A coding system used to classify morbidity data from inpatient and outpatient records, physician offices, and most National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) surveys.
International Classification of Diseases (ICD)
The United Nations agency that works to promote health around the world. Works with the NCHS.
World Health Organization (WHO)
Characterized by high levels of negative activity and are represented by prominent symptoms of anxiety, depressive, and somatic symptoms
Internalizing disorders
Characterized by symptoms of prominent antisocial behaviors, disruptive conduct, substance use and impulsive behaviors.
Externalizing disorder
Provides a conceptual framework using bio-psycho-social-spiritual theories and the DSM classification system to guide the process of assessment.
Competency-based assessment
Validates the potential importance of biogenetic, psychological, social, and environmental factors in understanding human behavior.
Biopsychosocial framework
Draws attention to the client’s multiple interactions with his or her environment
Ecological perspective
Draws attention to the attributes, capacities, experiences, and resources in a person’s life that contribute to a positive and satisfying life and effective social functioning.
Strengths perspective
Individualizing how an individual person is affected by “illness” is at the heart of this conceptualization. Integrates principles from other frameworks and perspectives.
Systems Theory
Delineates diagnostic criteria
Biomedical model of behavior
Focuses on symptoms, behaviors, and underlying psychological processes.
Psychodynamic model of behavior
A subdiscipline of both biology and neuroscience that studies the psychological, genetic, and developmental aspects of behavior.
Neurobiology
Includes the brain and spinal cord, which receives, processes, interprets, and stores information and then sends messages to the muscles, glands, and organs.
Central Nervous System
The basic building blocks of the nervous system. These specialized cells are information-processing units of the brain that are responsible for sending and receiving messages within that system.
Neurons
The parts of the neuron that receive messages from other cells
Dendrites
The part of the cell that contains the nucleus, which keeps the entire cell alive and functioning.
Soma
Attached to the soma, and its function is to carry messages out to other cells.
Axon
Wrapped around axons and increases the speed at which nerve impulses are transmitted from one nerve cell to another.
Myelin sheath
Specialized structures where neurotransmitter chemicals are released to communicate with target neurons.
Synapses
The place where the axon terminal of one neuron almost touches the dendrite or cell body of another neuron.
Synaptic cleft
Tiny sacs in the axon terminal that open and release a few thousand molecules of a chemical substance called a neurotransmitter.
Synaptic vesicles
Found in the hippocampus, an area of the brain responsible for forming new memories. It also plays a key role in memory, arousal, and attention. Low levels of this neurochemicale have been associated with Alzheimer’s disease.
Acetylcholine (A Ch)
Considered the nervous system’s major excitatory neurotransmitter. Plays a role in learning and memory. An excess of this neurochemical results in over activation and neuronal damage, and may be associated with the cell death that occurs after a stroke or a head injury, or with Alzheimer’s disease or Huntington’s disease.
Glutamate
Another neurotransmitter found in the brain and can have differing effects depending on its exact location. If too little of the neurochemical is released in certain areas of the brain, the result is Parkinson’s disease. If too much of this neurochemical is released in other areas, the result is a cluster of symptoms that may be a part of schizophrenia.
Dopamine (DA)
A neurotransmitter originating in the lower part of the brain that can have either an excitatory or inhibitory effect. It is associated with sleep, mood, anxiety, and appetite. low levels of this neurochemical have been tied to depression.
Serotonin (5-HT)
The major neurotransmitter producing inhibition in the brain. This neurochemical can help to calm anxiety by binding to the same receptor sites that are affected by tranquilizing drugs and alcohol. The effect of alcohol is to enhance the effect of this neurotransmitter, which causes the general inhibition associated with getting drunk.
Gab a-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
A group of substances that can serve as neurotransmitters, hormones, or influence the action of other neurotransmitters
Neuropeptides
Pain-controlling chemicals in the body. Bind to the receptors and work in a way that causes the cell to be unable to fire its pain signal, and pain sensations eventually lessen.
Endorphins
Allows the brain and spinal cord to communicate with the sensory systems of the eyes, ears, skin, and mouth, and to control the muscles and glands of the body.
Peripheral nervous system
The part of the brain involved in emotions, motivation, memory, and learning. Its found in the inner margin of the upper brain and includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, and anterior cingulate cortex.
Limbic system
A somewhat round structure in the center of the brain that acts as a relay station for incoming information from the sensory organs. This structure relays information from the sensory organs (such as hearing, sight, touch, or taste) to the cerebral cortex.
Thalamus
Sitting just below and in front of the thalamus, regulates body temperature, thirst, hunger, sleeping and waking, sexual activity, and the aggression we feel.
Hypothalamus
Located toward the middle temporal lobe on each side of the brain, is instrumental in forming long-term permanent memories that are then stored elsewhere in the brain. It plays a role in learning, memory, and the ability to compare sensory information to expectations.
Hippocampus
Located near the hippocampus. It is involved in fear responses and memory of that fear. Plays a vital role in forming emotional memories.
Amygdala
Resembles a collar surrounding the frontal part (or anterior section) of the corpus callosum and is actually found in the cortex. It plays an important role in emotional and cognitive processing and has shown to be implicated in a variety of disorders including attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder and bipolar disorder.
Cingulate cortex
Several layers of densely packed cells that cover the largest part of the brain (limbic system)
Cerebral cortex
Looks somewhat like a stalk. It is the part of the brain located at the top of the spinal cord.
Brain stem
It is a part of the brain that is about the size of a small fist and is involved in cognitive and emotional learning along with contributing to a sense of balance and coordination of muscle movements.
Cerebellum
This is viewed as the actual congruence or “fit” between an individual’s or a group’s needs and their surroundings. Requires an assessment that encompasses the person, their environment, and the interactions between them.
Person: environment fit
Regarded as the continuous, change-oriented, cognitive, sensory-perceptual, and behavioral processes people use to sustain or improve the fit between themselves and their environment.
Adaptations
Include difficult social or developmental transitions, traumatic life events, or other issues that disturb the existing fit between people and their environments.
Life stressors
Considered the response to life stressors; characterized by troubled emotional or physiological states (or both). It may be characterized by anxiety, guilt, anger, fear, depression, helplessness, or despair.
Stress
Any efforts to regulate negative feelings about changes in the environment may be considered under this category.
Coping measures
Consultation with other professional disciplines to confirm a diagnosis or to monitor a client’s medication. Helps practitioners better understand how assessment and related services are linked together.
Interprofessional collaboration
