intelligence (modules 37-41) Flashcards
intelligence is
the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
general intelligence (g)
one intelligence that underlies all mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test
who was charles spearman
believed in general intelligence (g) and noted that people often have outstanding abilities, those who score high in one category tend to do well in others
special intelligence (s)
the special or outstanding abilities that people may have
factor analysis
a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items(factors) on a test
factor analysis is used…
to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score
seven clusters of primary mental abilities
perceptual speed,
numerical ability,
inductive reasoning,
memory,
verbal comprehension,
spatial ability,
word fluency,
l.l.thurstone
opponent of spearman who identified the seven clusters of primary mental abilities
those who excelled in one of the 7 clusters…
generally scored well in the other clusters
howard gardner
indentified eight relatively independent intelligences with a possible ninth
gardner’s multiple intelligences
linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, naturalist intelligence
savant syndrome
a rare condition in which a person limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing
how does savant syndrome connect to gardner’s multiple intelligences
gardner believes that these eight intelligence as individual separate domains and so that if brain damage were to occur, one ability may be destroyed while others stay completely in tact
robert sternberg
proposed the triarchic theory of intelligence which includes: analytical, creative, and practical intelligence
analytical intelligence
aka academic problem solving intelligence; assessed by intelligence tests with well-defined problems
creative intelligence
the ability to adapt to new situations and generate novel ideas
practical intelligence
required for everyday tasks that may be poorly defined and may have multiple solutions
while higher intelligence scores are often met with success
that is not always the case and success is not a one ingredient recipe
sucess is a combination of
talent and grit
grit
passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals
social intelligence
the know-how involved in understanding social situations and managing ourselves successfully
emotional intelligence
the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions
the four main abilities of emotional intelligence are
perceiving, understanding, managing, and using emotions
emotionally intelligent people tend to find more success in
relationship, career, and parenting situations, than more so academically smarter people
intelligence test
a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores
achievement test
test designed to measure what a person has learned
