Integumentary System Flashcards
Classification of Skin Disorders - Infections
bacterial, fungal, parasitic, viral
Skin disorders - Inflammatory
injury and excessive sun
exposure, acne, rosacea, atopic
dermatitis, contact dermatitis, seborrheic
dermatitis, stasis dermatitis, psoriasis
Skin disorders - Neoplastic
skin cancers, benign neoplasms
Bacterial we use
topical, oral, IV
fungal we use
topical and oral
viral can be
self-limiting
Skin parasites include
mites and lice
scabicides kill what
kill mites
pediculicids kill what
lice
Bacterial skin examples
cellulites, impetigo, staff
viral skin examples
shingles, warts, herpes
Antibacterial Most common pathogens:
staphylococcus and streptococcus
impetigo treated
topically unless severe
Systemic antibiotics are required for (5 items)
– Moderate to severe impetigo – Boils or abscesses – Perianal strep – Cellulitis – Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): suspected skin infection
Mupirocin (topical)
bactroban, centany. Three times a day for 5 to 14 days
Retapamulin (alatabax)
BID for 5 days
Bacitracin
2 to 5 times a day until clear
double antibiotic includes
bacitracin and polymixin b
tripple antibiotic inclucds
bacitracin,
neomycin, and polymixin B
Topical antibacterial monitoring and patient education
Monitoring – No specific monitoring • Patient education – Administration – Adverse drug reactions (ADRs)
Topical antibacterial lifestyle managment
Lifestyle management • Perform hand washing • Do not share towels or utensils. • Wash with antibacterial soap
Topical antifungals are used to treat
superficial fungal infections
examples of topical anitfungals
– Azoles – Allylamines: naftifine – Benzylamine: butenafine – Ciclopirox olamine – Tolnaftate – Nystatin
Topical Antifungals considerations
Few contraindications because of
minimal absorption
– Most are pregnancy category B
Systemic antifungal considerations
All should be used cautiously in
patients with liver problems.
– Griseofulvin has possible cross- sensitivity with penicillin.
Topical antifungals ADR
ADRs: Skin irritation, itching, burning, rash
– Gentian violet: may cause staining of skin and
clothing
Topical antifungal drug interactions
Few interactions
Theoretical interaction with
azoles and
amphotericin B
Clotrimazole intravaginal preparations:
should not be administered
concurrently with
nonoxynol-9 and
octoxynol
Systemic antifungals: have
several
interactions
Topical retinoids reduce
cohesion between keratinized cells
topical antibiotids example for acne
benzoyl peroxide - keratoytic effect
Systemic Retinoids considerations
Systemic Retinoids
– pregnancy category X, cheilitis,
hypertriglyceridemia, CNS effects
Acne is classified as
mild, moderate and severe
mild and moderate acne is treated with
topical
systemic reinoids used for
moderate to severe, nodular cystic acne
hypertriglyceridemia can occur in
45% of patients
oral contraception is used to treat what sometimes
acne
Topical corticosteroids
use the lowest does possible for the shortest amount of time
Topical corticosteroids do not
abruptly discontinue that are high potency
Topical corticosteroids classes
1 through 7. One is the most potent and seven is the least potent.
Topical Corticosteroids has
Nonspecific anti-inflammatory effects
Topical Corticosteroids absorption
Absorption varies by drug and vehicle
used
– Ointments: more occlusive, so more potent
– Creams: less occlusive, so less potent
– Lotions: least potent
– High dose or over large areas may cause
systemic steroid effects
Smooth nonhairy skin, thick, hperteratotic leasions
Ointment +++
Cream ++
Foam++
Hairy Areas
Solution +++
Foam +++
Gel ++
Lotion ++
Palms, soles
Ointment +++
cream ++
Foam ++
Infected areas
Solution +++
Foam ++
Lotion ++
Between skin folds; moist, macerated lesions
cream ++
lotion ++
solution ++
foam ++
