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Pharmacology for Advanced Practice Nurses > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Antacides MOA

A

neutralize acids in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract

metallic cation + basic ion base

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2
Q

common metallic cation in antacides

A

Aluminum
Calcium
Magnesium

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3
Q

basic anion in antacids

A

Hydroxide
Bicarbonate
Carbonate

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4
Q

Different combinations of antacids have

A

differing acid neutralizing capacities

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5
Q

which combination of antacids has the highest acid-neutralizing capacity

A

Sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate have the highest acid-neutralizing capacity.

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6
Q

aluminium and magnessioum based antacides are not absorbed with _____ what increases absroption. How are they exceteted

A

Aluminum- and magnesium-based antacids are not absorbed with normal use.
Chronic use increases absorption

renally excreted

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7
Q

Calcium-containing antacids require vitamin

A

D for absorption.

Excreted in feces

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8
Q

chronic use of antacidds can cause this ADR

A

abdominal pain

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9
Q

Calcium-based antacids contraindicated if

A

patient is hypercalcemic or has renal calculi

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10
Q

Magnesium-based antacids contraindicated in patients with

A

renal failure or renal insufficiency

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11
Q

Aluminum-based antacids should not be used in patients with

A

renal failure on dialysis

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12
Q

Sodium content of antacides may affect patients with

A

hypertension, congestive heart failure, or renal failure

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13
Q

Antacides ADR magnesium

A

Magnesium-based antacids may cause diarrhea.

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14
Q

antacides ADR aluminum and calcium

A

Aluminum- and calcium-based antacids may cause constipation.

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15
Q

Drug intreactions of antacids

A

many; may affect teh absorption of most drugs

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16
Q

antacid administration with other drugs

A

to be separated at least twohours.

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17
Q

antacides are used for

A

symptomatic relief of heartburn

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18
Q

Antacids may take dosage of

A

four times per day or more.

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19
Q

discuss what with antacid patients

A

maxium dose. Do not overdose

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20
Q

antacids for peptic ulcer disease are used

A

after meals and at bedtime

21
Q

Antacids GERD

A

Antacids are over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and often used first before patient seeks care

22
Q

Antacids GERD may be given every

A

Antacids are over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and often used first before patient seeks care

23
Q

first line therapy for GERD

A

H2RAs receptor antagonists or PPIs are first-line therapy

24
Q

Antacids other clinical use

A

Calcium deficiency and osteoporsis prevention

25
Q

Antacids chronic renal failure dose

A

1,000 mg calcium carbonate daily

26
Q

Osteoprosis prevention dose of antacids for men and postmenopausal women

A

Men and premenopausal women: 1,000 mg daily

Postmenopausal women: 1,500 mg daily

27
Q

doses of antacids higher then _____ are not recomended

A

2000

28
Q

Antacids, what type of producs have the highest acid-neutralizing capacity

A

combination products

29
Q

Monitoring for antacids

A

Magnesium level in older patients who use magnesium-containing products chronically

30
Q

Antacids administration

A

Antacids are usually taken 1 to 3 hours after meals and at bedtime.
Chewable tablets must be chewed.

31
Q

Anacids warnings

A

Separate by 2 hours.

Do not use antacids without consulting with provider.

32
Q

Calcium-based antacid absorption is decreased by

A

oxalic acid and phytic acid and increased by acidic fruit juice

33
Q

Antacids contact provider if using for longer than

A

2 weeks

34
Q

Aluminum- and calcium-based antacids cause constipation.

May need

A

stool softner

35
Q

Magnesium based antacids may cause

A

diarrhea

36
Q

Antacids lifestyle changes

A

Stop smoking, elevate head while sleeping, and avoid spicy foods, alcohol, or foods that affect lower esophageal sphincter tone (fatty foods, chocolate, caffeine).

37
Q

Causes of diarrhea in primary care

A

Infections
Food or drug induced
Inflammatory bowel disease

38
Q

first thing to do when you have a patient with diarrhea

A

determine the cause

39
Q

Children can become ______ quickly as a result of diarrhea

A

dehydrated

40
Q

____ is not required in most cases of diarrhea

A

medication

41
Q

Time to wait to give medication for diarrhea until you give medication

A

7 days unless there are sigficant underlying causes

42
Q

Antidirrheals classes

A 
Absorbent preperations
Opiates
Anticholinerigis
Chloride secretion blocker
mu and Kappa receptor agonists
kaolin
pectin
43
Q

absorbent prep examples

A

Kaolin and pectin

Bismuth subsalicylate

44
Q

opiate examples

A

Diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil)
Diphenoxin with atropine (Motofen)
Loperamide (Imodium)

45
Q

Chloride secretion blocker name

A

crofelemer (mytesti)

46
Q

Mu and kappa receptor agonist name

A

fluxadolin (Veberzi)

47
Q

Kaolin description

A

clay-like powder that attracts and holds onto bacteria

48
Q

pectin does what

A

thickens stool

Pharmacology for Advanced Practice Nurses (50 decks)

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