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Anatomy And Physiology > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

0
Q

How many of the 4 tissue types does the integumentary system have?

A

All 4: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous

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1
Q

What functions does the integumentary system have?

A 
Temp regulation
Synthesis of vitamins
Appearance
Protection
Water conservation
Sensory receptors
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2
Q

What kind of tissue I the epidermis composed of?

A

Epithelial tissue

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3
Q

What are the tissues the dermis is composed of?

A

Connective, muscle, nerve

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4
Q

What are the most abundant cells in the integumentary system?

A

Keratinocytes

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5
Q

What are the 4 main cells in the skin?

A

Keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells, and merkel cells

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6
Q

What is the function of keratinocytes?

A

Water proofing

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7
Q

What do melanocytes do?

A

Produce melanin to protect from sun exposure

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8
Q

Langerhans cells work by…

A

Fighting off infection

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9
Q

Merkel cells are…

A

Sensory cells; Found in deep layers of the dermis

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10
Q

Name the 5 layers of epidermal cells

A 
Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale
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11
Q

Stratum basale (germinativum)

A

The growing layer of the epidermis; has merkel cells, melanocytes, keratinocytes, and stem cells that divide rapidly.

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12
Q

Stratum spinosum

A

Has spiny projections that bind cells; 8 to 10 cells thick; strong and flexible; take I melanin from near by melanocytes by phagocytosis

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13
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

3-5 layers of flattened keratinocytes undergoing apoptosis (degeneration);
Contain dark staining keratohyalin granules and lamellar granules (waterproofing)

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14
Q

Keratinhyalin are found where

A

Found in keratinocytes of the stratum granulosum layer

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15
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

Thick skin found on the palms and the bottoms of the feet

16
Q

Stratum corneum (horny layer)

A

25 to thirty layers of flat dead cells filled with keratin and surrounded by lipids; protect from light, water, chemicals, heat, &bacteria

17
Q

What accelerates or regulates the growth of the skin

A

Epidermal growth factor (EGF); a hormone like protein

18
Q

Melanocytes

A

Produce the protein melanin when stimulated by UV or MSH (melanin stimulating hormone) which is made during the process of making ACTH
-keratinocytes takin in melanin through phagocytosis

19
Q

When bilirubin builds up in the skin what does this cause and what is it a sign of?

A

Causes jaundice which is an indicator of liver problems

20
Q

What is the dermis composed of?

A
  • collagen, elastic fibers, fibroblasts, macrophages, and far cells
  • contains hair follicle, glands, nerves, blood vessels
  • mainly connective tissue
21
Q

What are the two main regions of the dermis

A

Papillary

Reticular

22
Q

Papillary region

A

Top portion of the dermis composed of loose connective tissue and elastic fibres
Anchors epidermis to dermis
Contains Meissner’s corpuscles (touch)and free beer endings ( pain and temp)

23
Q

Reticular region

A

Bottom half I the dermis

  • dense irregular connective tissue
  • interlacing collagen and elastin
  • has sweat gland ducts, sebaceous glands, and hair follicle
  • provides strength extensibility and elasticity
24
Q

During development some epidermal cells form what 4 structures.

A

Hair
Nails
Sebaceous glands
Sudiferous glands

25
Q

What does the hair shaft provide

A

Protection from heat loss (Goose bumps)

Traps things from falling into areas you don’t want them in

26
Q

Hair bulb function

A

Secrete protein and shed cells

27
Q

Hair follicle

A

Tubular epidermal sheath

28
Q

What muscle move the hair

A

Ar ( piloerector) rector pili

29
Q

What are the sensory receptors in the skin

A

Sense touch, pain, temperature, and pressure

30
Q

Name the 4 glands in the skin

A

Sebaceous (oil)
Sudiferous (sweat)
Ceruminous (wax)
Mammary (milk)

31
Q

What is the function of the sebaceous gland

A

Secrete sebum which contains cholesterol, protein, fats, and salts
Keeps the skin and hair soft and pliable
Inhibits growth of bacteria or fungi

32
Q

What are the two types of sudiferous glands

A

Eccrine(on most areas of the body o reg temp)
Apocrine glands. (Found I the armpit and pubic region, duct opens onto hair follicles, secretions are more viscous and bacteria feed on then causing odour)

33
Q

What do ceruminous glands do

A

Modified sweat glands that produce wax which acts as a barrier

Anatomy And Physiology (18 decks)

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